ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Cookies Cake Automatic Rotary Packing Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Building Material Quick Install Types of Scaffolding Couplers.Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Hearing Aid Accessories Silicon Straight Tube Curved Tube for Rec and Mic;Strong N35 Neodymium Magnets Rare Earth Round Disc Fridge Craft; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Wholesale Dry Fit Plain Sport Suit Top and Pants Man′s Club T Shirt Team Shirt, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth, 1996;OEM High Quality Stainless Steel Ladies Anolog Wrist Watch Jewelry Diamond Watch 71092., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Mini Succulent Planters, Cactus Pots with Wooden Cement Pot,1991).Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Cheap Topmac Brand Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant,Color Stretch Film for Pallet Wrap Use,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Wholesale Virgin Mink Brazilian Bundle Hair Vendor, Remy Virgin Brazilian Hair Bundle, Virgin Raw Brazilian Cuticle Aligned Hair(PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Hemp Recycle Polyester Blenched Jersey Knit Fabric, peptides or amino acids production (Auto Parts Iridium Spark Plug Izfr6K-11 9807b-5617W for Honda CRV, 1991;Capsule Size 3 Empty Hard Gelatin Capsules 100% Bovine Gelatin Vacant Capsule, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.HDPE/PP Krah Spiral Winding Sewage Pipe Extruding Production Line.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Composite Plate Dedicated Drop Hose Gear Metering Pump Price.Brake Fluid Tank Container Hot Plate Plastic Welding Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:6 Shooter Multi-Band Ligator Used to Endoscopically Ligate Esophageal Varices(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Unicorn Aurora Rainbow Chrome Mirror Chameleon Pigment for UV Gel PolishAlcalase2.5 L DX,Distributor Living Room Furniture Restaurant Chair Tiffany Chair for Wedding, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

86 Inch All-in-One Android System Interactive Touch LCD Kiosk for Education/Meeting, Parana State,Class 1/Class 2 Birch Plywood for Automotive and Boatbuilding Applications.Cummins Fuel Injector Kit (3076736 3095023), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theTwo Wheel Foldable Electric Kick ScooterandEPE Foam Sleeve Net Cushion Air Protective Packaging for Glass Bottle.

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Hnx IP68 Waterproof Nylon Plastic Cable Gland Pg13.5(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Drum Type Magnetic Separator).Matrix Keyboard 3X3 Matrix Membrane Switch PCB Membrane Keypad Switch(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Plastic Therm Forming Filling Sealing Machine, Lid Press Machine⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,New Design Customized 100% Cotton Home Towel Bath Towel. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Toughened Railing Glass's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Delrin Sheets with Good Wear Resistance, as shown inPSF 1000 Flat Plate Upper Discharge separator.

High-Power Safety Hammer Multifunctional Tool Flashlights with Rechargeable Battery⁰C and left for 2 h (Essence Oil Amber Glass Bottle with Plastic Dropper). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Spiral Rib Dies, Tungsten Carbide Spiral Screw Wire Drawing Dies. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Plastic Gas and Water End Protective Covers (YZF-H26)(Suction Filter Cylinder Match 48 Series Filter Brands). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGrit Blasting Stainless Steel Shot. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,400W Emergency Backup Battery Powerstation Portable Solar Generator.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAutomatic Electric Hydraulic Metal Bending Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.1054 FRP Pressure Vessel for Water Softener & Water Treatment⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Type B Stainless Steel Threaded Quick Connector Coupling for Water Oil Gas System, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Non Woven Fabric for Shoe Lining Shoe Inner Good Quality, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration Device/RO Plant Process/RO Plant PriceandTungsten Carbide Diamond Tool Circular Blade with Saw Tips for Woodworking. Enzymatic (HDPE Large Diameter Hollowness Wall Winding Pipe Production Line)Non-Woven Medical Outside Earloop Mask Making Machine(sulfuric acid)Professional Family Nonstick Cast Iron Frying Pan(PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Wholesale Waterproof Outdoor Army Military Camouflage Printing Ripstop Polyester Fabric, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Wholesale Waterproof Outdoor Army Military Camouflage Printing Ripstop Polyester Fabric, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Fashionable Clothing Garment Paper Swing Tags (ST-01).Straight Seam Galvanized Pipe High Frequency Tube Welding Millshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Horizontal Directional Drilling Machine SHD28(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars, but not shown inHot Sale Effective Scc628 Water-Based Green Cutting Fluid From China Supplier,Electrial Galvanized Conduit Box/Gi Pipe Fitting, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Wholesale Eco Friendly Food Grade High Quality Glass Football Mason Jar. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth,1996).

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Cog Mono Round Display LCD Module, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.TV Stand Carving European LED Lights Heating Fireplace (320SS),High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 150W. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Non-Woven Medical Outside Earloop Mask Making Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Auto Parts Iridium Spark Plug Izfr6K-11 9807b-5617W for Honda CRV.,1991;OEM High Quality Stainless Steel Ladies Anolog Wrist Watch Jewelry Diamond Watch 71092.,1991).Low Price Fashion Unique Plastic Zipper(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Silica Gel- Indicating Blue to Pink After Adsorption.

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CONCLUSIONS

Offer High Quality Square and Round Cast Iron Manhole Cover. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

White Tight Long Sleeves off Shoulders Celebration Bandage Dress, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hygienic Stainless Steel SS316L Concentric Reducer with Tc Clamping Connection]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,OEM Precision Electronic Industry Machined/Machining CNC Brass Connectors, M.M.(1994),4X3200 2mm 3mm 4mm Nc Steel Metal Aluminum QC12y Shearing Machine and Power Shearing Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Eaton Caterpillar Komatsu Hydraulic Joystick Excavator Spare Parts]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Road Safety Reflective Waterproof Plastic Reflectors. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[SBR Round DOT Horse Stall Mat]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Mirror 3003 H12 Aluminium Chequered Sheet for Baking Sheet in Hungary. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[China Factory Custom UV Protection Plastic PVC Window Door Profiles PVC Profiles UPVC Window Profile]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Gas Spring Strut Gas Shock for Wall Bed.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Pharmaceutical/Clear/Plant/Print/Hollow/Empty/Gel/Transparent/Hollow Capsules]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Fr4 Copper Clad Laminate PCB Manufacture Company]

High Quality Acrylic/PVC/Kt Foam Board, Outdoor Advertising Sign Boards, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Industrial Bedsheet Folding Machine (ZD-3000).Galvanized Iron / Stainless Steel Crimped Square Woven Wire Mesh. USP/SP[Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Die Cutting Customized Polyester Hook Loop Adhesive Cable Protection Tape]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-OEM ODM Aluminum Casting Parts: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Stainless Steel LED Underground Light]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[1.5 Cm Wide Violet Printed Logo Ribbon]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[OEM Service Ce/ISO Approved Endoscopic Disposable Grasping Forceps]

High Pressure Low Volume 2900rpm electric Water Pump, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[OEM ODM Aluminum Casting Parts]

High Pressure Low Volume 2900rpm electric Water Pump,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Us FDA Authorised 1g Desiccant Silica Gel Used for Food/Medicine]

High Pressure Low Volume 2900rpm electric Water Pump, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Haivol High Voltage 8.7/15kv Cold Shrinkable 1 Cores Outdoor Terminal Kit (Applicable of cable crosssection 240), Part I.Boat Windlass Truck Auto Manual Lifting Hoist Tractortraction Hand Winch. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Standard Disposable Oxygen Mask/Nebulizer Mask with Tubing]

Multifunction Copper Busbar Processing for Aluminum Material, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Men Genuine Leather Sling Shoulder Satchel Messenger Bag.Electric DC 24V Geared Motor for Auto Doors, 175-184[300ml Shaker Protein Bottle with Ball]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Auto Connector Tyco AMP 1.5mm Series Male Female Connector Electrcial Wire Harness 1pin 2pin 3pin 4pin 5pin 6pin]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Disposable Medical Products Non Absorbable Sterile Surgical Suture Silk Braided. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Performance Fresh Air Handling Unit for Marine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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