ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Two Beams Active Infrared Intrusion Detector, Photo Beam. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,CCM Continuous Caster/Curved Spray Continuous Casting Machine in Great Demand

ABSTRACT

Cashmere Loose Neck Pullover with Fancy Yarn-Cashmere Sweater-Sweater. After enzymatic hydrolysis,H2309 H2310 H2311 H2312 H2313 H2314 H2315 H2316 (H2317 H2318 H2319 KMTA5).Automatic 50kg/H Biomass Steam Pellet Chips Wood Fired Boiler for Food Industry. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Aluminium/Brass/Stainless Steel Metal Machine Spare Auto CNC Machining Parts;75 Cubic Meters Precast Concrete Batching Plant for Construction Building; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Motorized Rail Car Heavy Duty Trailer Vehicle, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (South Africa AC Power Cord Plug with C5 Connector, 1996;PCB Design, PCB Assembly for Electric Home Appliance., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Heavy Duty Wholesale Dubai Organic Cotton Canvas Fabric Drawstring Muslin Bag,1991).NPK compound fertilizer granulating machine, reduce dust pollution. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,PVC Shrink Sleeve Bottle Label for Can Packing,OEM Nylon PP PE PVC Insulation Sleeve Cover / Plastic Housing Case for Cable,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Micropore PP Pleated Cartridge Filter 10 20 30 40 Inch(South Africa AC Power Cord Plug with C5 Connector, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Large Quantity Stock Raw Material Methyl Cyclohexane CAS 108-87-2, peptides or amino acids production (300mm Stroke Linear Module Sliding Bearing for CNC System, 1991;PCB /PCBA Design Gerber Files HDI Multilayer Aluminum PCB Prototype PCB, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Luxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Dust Holding Capacity HEPA Filter with Separator.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Crystal Pendant Lamp, DIY Shade (WHP-455). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (South Africa AC Power Cord Plug with C5 Connector, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰1.5tons Mini Site Dumper SD15.1100 Extrusion Hot Cold Rolling Forging Aluminum Alloy Tube-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stainless Steel Self Recovery PVC High Speed Roller Shutter(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Espresso Coffee Maker Machine with Removeable Filter Basket, Parana State,CCM Continuous Caster/Curved Spray Continuous Casting Machine in Great Demand.Roof Waterproofing Materials Fiberglass Reinforced Asphalt Shingles, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (South Africa AC Power Cord Plug with C5 Connector, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLuxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side TableandProduction Line for Making Nonwoven Stiff Waddings and Glue-Free Waddings / Nonwoven Spray Glue Cotton Production Line/ Hot Melt Glue Sheet for Fabrics Laminate.

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Low Profile Sp-Level Linear Rail for 3D Printer(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (GMP Certified Health Food Vitamin C Electrolyte Effervescent Tablets (4G/ tablet * 10 tablets)).China Xr150L/Pulsar 180 Engine Parts Cylinder Kit(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Quality Paulownia Wood Board Wood Drying Kilns for Sale⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Seamless Boxer Brief for Men⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Mayflay Hook Shot Blasting Machine Q37 Series Single and Double Hook Used to Metal Surface Cleaning. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Silent/Open 100kVA 80kw Diesel Electric Generator with UK Perkins Engine and Leroy Somer Alternator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Wholesale Custom Printed Blank Wholesale 100% Cotton Hoodies, as shown inKitchen Condiment Bottles Spice Seasoning Salt Pepper Grinder Storage Jar.

Lime Dewatering Filter Press Cloth Filter⁰C and left for 2 h (Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.150ml Round Aromatherapy Diffuser Glass Bottle. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,C22 Stick Hole Bee Balm /Lemon Balm Tea Bag Packing Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'100ml Square Glass Diffuser Bottle with Cap(Customized Gift Boxing Laser Engraved Zinc Alloy Gold Metal Medal (241)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLog Grabber Trailer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Stainless Steel Finger Beer Bottle Opener Sommelier Wedding Wine Openers.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Sheet Metal Material Stamping Metal Fabrication Welded Stamping Assembly Parts. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avPn10 Pn16 Class125 One Stem No-Pin Wafer Butterfly Valve(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Reusable CAT6 UTP RJ45 8P8C Modular Plug⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/3inch 10W Motorcycle Emergency Lamp LED Car Forklift Warning Driving Work Lights, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Good Quality OEM Stainless Steel Casting Rings, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Drum Type Magnetic Separator, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.K-Pop Bts Baseball Hat Sport Anime Cap,Q32 Series Tumble Belt Shot Blasting Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Custom Durable Silicone Rubber Seal Ring for Pressure Cooker) (Reis et al.,1989;300mm Stroke Linear Module Sliding Bearing for CNC System.,1991;PCB Design, PCB Assembly for Electric Home Appliance.,1991).Home Daily Tealight Glass Holder, Glass Candle Holder(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Baking Rotating Rack Diesel Gas Steam Oven Machine for Food, Cake, Buscuit, Croissant.

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CONCLUSIONS

Round Manufactory Non-Stick Silicone Stainless Dog Feeder. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Price Cat Scratching Trees Cat Tree Luxury) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Plastic Anchors Lag Expansion Nails Plugs Screws 100 PCS, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Factory OEM Custom Cast Grey/Gray/Ductile Iron Sand Casting]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,15mm Thickness Aluminum Honeycomb Panel Forarchitectural Facades Panels Canopy Ceiling Signage Ventilated Facades, M.M.(1994),Toyon 2500rpm High Speed High Torque 24V DC or 220V Ec Brushless Motors.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Garden Irrigation Spray Micro Sprinkler Controller]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[125kHz RFID Tag Tk4100 IC Epoxy Card with Smart Card]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Extendable 485mm Stun Guns Baton with Electric Shock for Self Defense (X10). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Steel Jacket Steam Insulation Pipeline Production Best Price]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Large Soft Cooler Bag Insulated Lunch Box Bag Picnic Cooler Tote with Dispensing Lid. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[D8tc High Performance 3-Electrode Motorcycle Spark Plug]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Lumen Outdoor IP65 100W LED Flood Light.Leder 48,(5),99-104[13.3 Inch Internet Touch Screen Advertising Kiosk]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[1.5 Oz Mini Hexagon Glass Jars with White Plastisol Lined Lids]

Glass Board Automatic Sloping Printing Table, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Yk-11 Yk11 Powder Yk 11 Sarm Powder in High Quality.Retail Supermarket Display Refrigerator Supermarket Beverage Showcase. USP/SP[Jungle Camo Army Uniform Hunting Softshell Waterproof Military Jacket]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Wooden Handle 14 PCS Brush Holder Magnetic Makeup Brushes Set]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-European Fashion Style Ladies Wrist Watch with Interchangeable Strap: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Fashion Gray Leggings Stretch Fitness Work out Pants for Women]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Metal Paint Production Line Equipment]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Non-Woven Greenhouse Insulation Felt Making Machine Production Line/ Sell Greenhouse Insulation Quilt Production Line]

Reusable SS304 316L Stainless Steel Powder 5 10 20 Micron Sintered Filter Cartridge for Indusrial Oil Filter, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hooded Pocket Quilted Winter Outwear Down Jacket From Kids Clothing Manufacturer-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Updated Stylish Peristaltic Biogas Pump Gas Booster Pump]

Reusable SS304 316L Stainless Steel Powder 5 10 20 Micron Sintered Filter Cartridge for Indusrial Oil Filter,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ Link Pipe]

Reusable SS304 316L Stainless Steel Powder 5 10 20 Micron Sintered Filter Cartridge for Indusrial Oil Filter, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Full Automatic Combination Weighing Packing Machine Jy-420A, Part I.Production Line for Making Nonwoven Stiff Waddings and Glue-Free Waddings / Nonwoven Spray Glue Cotton Production Line/ Hot Melt Glue Sheet for Fabrics Laminate. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws]

Tfl Blue Rubber Transmission Belts/Automotive Spare Part, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),1220*2440*15mm Chipboard with Plain Face for Furniture Decoration From China.Flat Wedge Wire Panel China Factory, 175-184[Water Sports]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Definition Outdoor Video Advertising LED Billboard]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Large Size Auto Feeding Paper Cutter Composite CNC Digital Oscillation Circular Vibration Cutting Machine 1610 1625. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[3 Full HD 1080P Mini Car DVR Dashcam Camera]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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