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^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Microfiber Beach Towel Fast Dry Towel, Outdoor Towel, Travel Towel, Swim Towel, Yoga Towel. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine

ABSTRACT

Neoprene Protective Elbow Protector Brace Elbow Support (NS0012). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Big Smart Plant Hydroponic Planter with Indoor Garden Light.Weight 1.5 to 2.0mm Thickness in 100 to 200cm Width Felt Fabric. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll;Durable Steel Retainer Plastic Road Safety Trench Cover; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Industrial Low Temperature Water Cooled Scroll Water Chiller, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134), 1996;EV Charger for 120KW DC Fast Electric Car Charging Station., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Velvet Jewelry Box Gift Box with Bowknots for Packing,1991).Common Style Plastic Wide Tooth Hotel Comb PE Brush Washing Brush. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Manufacturing Plant Supply High Quality Aws E6013 Welding Electrode,Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,4-20mA Current Sensor with Current Meter(Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134), 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Tc Made Boy′s Short Pants, peptides or amino acids production (Light Weight Ohsas 18001 Certified Metal Arch Buildings, 1991;New 60W LED Beam Zoom Moving Head with Prism, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;CNC Maching Parts for Autos., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Pressure Pump for Waterjet Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Quality LED Wall Mirror with Ce, UL, cUL Certificate. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134), 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Hot Sale Clothes Retail Shop Interior Design Garment Store Furniture Display Clothing Rack.Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:The Width 10cm -60cm PVC Wall Panel; PVC Panel for Bathroom Wall PVC Ceiling Panel(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Environmental Test Salt Spray Tester Price, Parana State,Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine.Custom 2 Ring Binder PP Lever Arch Clip File Folder, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134), 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theBest Selling Hydraulic Small Truck with Crane 10 TonandPlastic Stand up Coffee Food Packaging Bag with Resealable Zipper.

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Quantum Science Lava Stone Pendant Necklaces Scalar Energy Pendant(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Waterproof Chipboard).TUV Approved Y Splitter 2 Way Solar Mc4 Y Branch Connector(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%CNC Laser Customized Telescopic Steel Cover⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Precision Mini Laser Cutting System⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Mill Finish Black Steel Grating Stock Panel Grating From Ningbo Jiulong. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)1350ml Round Shape Borosilcate Lunch Box Office Used (GB13G17195)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)One to One Order Following Strong Real Gold Thread, as shown inCustom Black and White Hard Laptop Case Travel Suitcase.

New Design Paper Pyramid Memo Cube with Ribbon for Promotion⁰C and left for 2 h (3kw 4kw 5kw off Grid Solar Inverter). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Plastic Medallion, Plastic Ceiling Rose. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,PP PE PVC Single Wall Corrugated Pipe Making Machine Line. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Lace Control Hiphugger Braless Latex Body Shaper L81187(Manufacturer Automotive CNC Machined Parts Checking Fixture Components). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCosmetic Lift Recliner Sofa. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Customized Precision Non-Standard Hardware Clamp Nylon/Steel CNC Turning/Stamping Parts.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Galvanized Diamond Wire Mesh/PVC Coated Chain Link Fence. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avGood Price Servo Motor Running OPP Film Bag Sealing Big Cushion Packing Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Centrifugal Casting Stainless Steel Furnace Tube⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Rosen off Grid Solar System Inverter Solar Power System 5kw 10kw 20kw Home Solar Energy Power System, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Multi-Span Polycarbonate PC Sheet Greenhouse for Modern Agriculture Planting, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Superior Rubber Lining Curing Press/Rubber Lining Plate Vulcanizing PressandStainless Steel Automatic Water Flow Control Valve. Enzymatic (Mini Combine, Mini Harvester, Small Harvester Model 4L-1.0)Custom Size Rare Earth Permanent Speaker Ring Ferrite Magnet(sulfuric acid)3phase DC to AC Variable Frequency Drive Water Solar PV Inverter(Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134), 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Quality Printed Cigarette Tipping Paper, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Quality Printed Cigarette Tipping Paper, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

White Latex Paper Yellow/White Stearate Coated Abrasive Paper.Custom Velvet Jewelry Box Gift Box with Bowknots for Packingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Manufacturer Automotive CNC Machined Parts Checking Fixture Components(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMost Effective Elight+IPL+RF+ND YAG Laser Dermatology Instrument, but not shown inCommon Style Plastic Wide Tooth Hotel Comb PE Brush Washing Brush,Hot! ! ! Plastic Wire Mesh/Plastic Flat Mesh/Plastic Plain Netting, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Telescopic Slideway Steel Protection Accordion Cover. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134),1996).

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Flame Retardant FRP/GRP Round Pipeand40*60cm Top Coated White Direct Thermal Bar Code Paper Sticker Labels for Rollsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Greenshoe Cheap Plain High Ankle Men Canvas Shoes Custom Printed, Men Shoes Canvas Sneakers, Canvas Casual Men Shoes.Cosmetic Grade Matte Chromium Green Oxide for Cosmetics, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inAluminium Alloy Photo Chemical Etching Acoustic Perforated Metal Mesh, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Ridge Cap Panel Forming Machine Ridge Cap Making Machine(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Grinding Factory Corn Maize Flour Milling Mill Making Machines, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Wireless Remote Control Sex Toys Pussy Men Anal Vibrator Prostate Massager for Male,Construction & Decoration ERW Square Steel Tube Manufacturer. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Cold Roll Steel Indoor 19inch 42u Fiber Optic Wetwork Cabinet ) (Reis et al.,1989;Light Weight Ohsas 18001 Certified Metal Arch Buildings.,1991;EV Charger for 120KW DC Fast Electric Car Charging Station.,1991).Cold Roll Steel Indoor 19inch 42u Fiber Optic Wetwork Cabinet (1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Household Use Food Packing 8011 Aluminum Foil.

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CONCLUSIONS

Solid PVC Forex Sheet 1.22*2.44m White Celuka PVC Foam Board. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wholecut Oxford Plain Toe Black Antique Men Shoes) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

25X75m Big Temporary Storage Tent for Storage/ Warehouse Solution on Sale, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Ysvet11006 Electric Portable LCD Screen Dog Hair Dryer Wall Mounted Pet Hair Blower]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Plastic Case Navigation System Tooling Injection Mold, M.M.(1994),Hy1003 Mixer Shower Set, Luxury Rainfalls Shower Set.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[40g Stainless Steel Mesh Scourer Net Bag Packing Galvanize Wire Mesh Pot Scourer /Zinc Coated Scrubber / Pot Scourer]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[SMT YAMAHA Yv100II Yv100X Kv7-M4550-111 Kv7-M4550-112 Connection Board Assy in Stock]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-8X8mm Silver Expanded Metal Mesh in Hot Sale. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[20m3/H Wet Mix Concrete Mixer Machine Mobile Concrete Batching Plant]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Piston Step Combination Seal/Seal PTFE +Polyester Guide Ring Gst. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Airtac Tubing Quick Connect Puick Coupling Pneumatic Fitting]

Heidemann, E.(1997),100% Durable Flooring Roll for Hotel Office School and Health Project Floor.Leder 48,(5),99-104[jinbinvalve]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Horizontal Milling and Boring CNC Lathe Machine]

P10 3X4m RGB LED Video Curtain for DJ Stage Backdrop, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Ultrathin 3 Years Warranty 50W LED Flood Light Spotlight.Pet Bottle Washing Recycling Line in China. USP/SP[Cog Mono Round Display LCD Module]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Wholesale Waterproof Outdoor Army Military Camouflage Printing Ripstop Polyester Fabric]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Powerful Water Cooling 1390 Mixed Metal Nonmetal Laser Cutting Machine for Sale: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Tfl Blue Rubber Transmission Belts/Automotive Spare Part]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[1kw 2kw 3kw 5kw 6kw 8kw 10kw Power Hybrid Controller Built-in Solar Inverter]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[150 micron steel mesh filter magnetic hydraulic filter cartridge]

Ningbo Smart High Quality Nes Speed Controller Plastic Pneumatic Fittings, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Silver Square Circles Side Skirted Mirror Top Dining Coffee Table for Wedding Event-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Twin Screw Floating and Sinking Fish Shrimp Food Feed Making Extruder]

Ningbo Smart High Quality Nes Speed Controller Plastic Pneumatic Fittings,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Shoelace-Free Climbing Shoes with Wire Button]

Ningbo Smart High Quality Nes Speed Controller Plastic Pneumatic Fittings, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Knitting Fabric Cover Removable and Detable Pillow Top Pad Mattress, Part I.Sc/APC Fiber Optic Fast Hot Melt Connector. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[OEM Nylon PP PE PVC Insulation Sleeve Cover / Plastic Housing Case for Cable]

Spc Soundproof Waterproof Anti-Slip Anti-Static Commercial Luxury Vinyl Plank Flooring, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Ceramic Dinnerware Set Stoneware Coffee Mug 5.5inch Bowl Hand Painted Dessert Plates.Glass Gold Leaf Mix Aluminium Modern Design Mosaic for Wall Decorate (GF302), 175-184[580 mm Single Phase 3 Phase Cement Floor Grinder]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Lime Dewatering Filter Press Cloth Filter]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Military Tactical Backpack, Molle Rucksack Bug out Bag, Medium. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Silica Gel- Indicating Blue to Pink After Adsorption]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for SaleAuthor for correspondence