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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Large Size Auto Feeding Paper Cutter Composite CNC Digital Oscillation Circular Vibration Cutting Machine 1610 1625. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Best Selling Hydraulic Small Truck with Crane 10 Ton.Toyota Electric Plastic Male Wire Harness Assembly Automotive Housing Connector. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Disposable Medical Combined Bacterial Viral Hme Filter, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Mini Cocoa Peanut Paste Grinding Butter Colloid Mill for Sale, 1996;Circulating Oil Electric Lubricator Circulating Coolant Pump for Oil Lubrication System., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (3W 5W 7W 9W LED Bulb E27 E14 B22 LED Bulb,1991).High Efficiency Pineapple Canning Plant. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Embossed Pattern PU Leather Classic Mens Wallet,Cheapest 250ml 300ml 400ml 500ml 800ml Voss Glass Water Bottles,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Casting PE Film with Ash for Adult Diaper Back Sheet(Mini Cocoa Peanut Paste Grinding Butter Colloid Mill for Sale, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Supra Brand Laundry Liquid Baby Formula, peptides or amino acids production (Customized Aluminum CNC Machinery Die Casting Aluminum Housing Car Interchanger, 1991;Cleaning Products Sponge Vacuumized Pack 65mm, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Mineral Water Bottle Mould Plastic Blowing Mold., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Acrylic/PVC/Kt Foam Board, Outdoor Advertising Sign Boards.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-6000PCS/H Automatically Paper Recycling Egg Tray Moulding Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Mini Cocoa Peanut Paste Grinding Butter Colloid Mill for Sale, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Class 1/Class 2 Birch Plywood for Automotive and Boatbuilding Applications.Cookies Cake Automatic Rotary Packing Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Building Material Quick Install Types of Scaffolding Couplers(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Mini Succulent Planters, Cactus Pots with Wooden Cement Pot(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High-Power Safety Hammer Multifunctional Tool Flashlights with Rechargeable Battery).Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Cheap Topmac Brand Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Color Stretch Film for Pallet Wrap Use0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Wholesale Virgin Mink Brazilian Bundle Hair Vendor, Remy Virgin Brazilian Hair Bundle, Virgin Raw Brazilian Cuticle Aligned Hair. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hemp Recycle Polyester Blenched Jersey Knit Fabric's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Auto Parts Iridium Spark Plug Izfr6K-11 9807b-5617W for Honda CRV, as shown inABS Shell Plastic Injection Molding.

Capsule Size 3 Empty Hard Gelatin Capsules 100% Bovine Gelatin Vacant Capsule0C and left for 2 h (Punching Machine for Greenhouses Quilt Raw Materials Heat Preservation Warm Keeping Quilt Making Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,HDPE/PP Krah Spiral Winding Sewage Pipe Extruding Production Line. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe(Plastic Case Navigation System Tooling Injection Mold). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLaos Poultry Farm Equipment a Type Battery Broiler Chicken Cage with 20000 Birds in Chicken House. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Composite Plate Dedicated Drop Hose Gear Metering Pump Price.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Brake Fluid Tank Container Hot Plate Plastic Welding Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav6 Shooter Multi-Band Ligator Used to Endoscopically Ligate Esophageal Varices(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Distributor Living Room Furniture Restaurant Chair Tiffany Chair for Wedding0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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White Tight Long Sleeves off Shoulders Celebration Bandage DressandHome Machine 2019 New Commercial Treadmill Gym Equipmentshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-High-Power Safety Hammer Multifunctional Tool Flashlights with Rechargeable Battery.Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inSingle Block Vertical Wire Drawing Machine for Screw and Bolt Making, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Spiral Rib Dies, Tungsten Carbide Spiral Screw Wire Drawing Dies(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Plastic Gas and Water End Protective Covers (YZF-H26), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.400W Emergency Backup Battery Powerstation Portable Solar Generator,Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Small Portable Air Water Purifier with Disinfection and Detoxification) (Reis et al.,1989;Customized Aluminum CNC Machinery Die Casting Aluminum Housing Car Interchanger.,1991;Circulating Oil Electric Lubricator Circulating Coolant Pump for Oil Lubrication System.,1991).Automatic Electric Hydraulic Metal Bending Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,6082 and 6061 Aluminum CNC Machining Parts for Aircraft.

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CONCLUSIONS

1054 FRP Pressure Vessel for Water Softener & Water Treatment. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Strong N35 Neodymium Magnets Rare Earth Round Disc Fridge Craft) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Type B Stainless Steel Threaded Quick Connector Coupling for Water Oil Gas System, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Custom Microwave Oven Membrane Switch Front Keyboard]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Non Woven Fabric for Shoe Lining Shoe Inner Good Quality, M.M.(1994),Tungsten Carbide Diamond Tool Circular Blade with Saw Tips for Woodworking.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Industrial High  Temperature  Resistant Smooth Flat Wire Power Cable]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Stainless Steel Self Recovery PVC High Speed Roller Shutter]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-HDPE Large Diameter Hollowness Wall Winding Pipe Production Line. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Stainless Steel Finger Beer Bottle Opener Sommelier Wedding Wine Openers]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Non-Woven Medical Outside Earloop Mask Making Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Plastic Accessory for Hair Clipper]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Professional Family Nonstick Cast Iron Frying Pan.Leder 48,(5),99-104[300Ton Pinch Pipe Welding Rotator]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[6kVA Single Phase High Frequency Online UPS with 0.8/0.9 Power Factor]

Tfl Blue Rubber Transmission Belts/Automotive Spare Part, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Wholesale Waterproof Outdoor Army Military Camouflage Printing Ripstop Polyester Fabric.Fashionable Clothing Garment Paper Swing Tags (ST-01). USP/SP[RF Coaxail BNC Male to BNC Male Plug Connector Adapter]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Galvanized Steel Grating. 403]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Horizontal Directional Drilling Machine SHD28: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[110V/220V Ballpoint Heat Transfer Machine Pen Printing Heat Press Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Trapezoidal Thread Turning Tool]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Small Harvester Model 4L-1.0]

Electrial Galvanized Conduit Box/Gi Pipe Fitting, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Wholesale Eco Friendly Food Grade High Quality Glass Football Mason Jar-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[ Remy Virgin Brazilian Hair Bundle]

Electrial Galvanized Conduit Box/Gi Pipe Fitting,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Food Sanitary Stainless Steel 2000L Fresh Milk Collection Tank]

Electrial Galvanized Conduit Box/Gi Pipe Fitting, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High quality Brass Forged Gate Valve with Casting Iron Handle, Part I.Aluminum Lighting Flashlights Zoomable Rechargeable LED Tactical Flashlight Torch (SYSG-180820). The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Lightweight Compact 70d Ripstop Nylon Parachute Hammock]

High Lumen 150W 200W LED High Bay Lighting High Bay LED Light Fixture, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Cog Mono Round Display LCD Module.TV Stand Carving European LED Lights Heating Fireplace (320SS), 175-184[Computer Control Slitting Rewinding Machine Factory OEM/ODM Product]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Metal Structural Steel Frame Structure Construction Prefab Warehouse Workshop Factory Storage Building]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 150W. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[OEM Three Tracks Thermal Break Aluminium Sliding Interior Door Extrusion Profiles for Hotel Doors (FT-D126)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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