ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Automatic Waste Paper Stripper. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Halogen Operating Lamp Medical Light Surgical Lamp (L734 Mobile type)

ABSTRACT

Mesh Stainless Steel Scourer Iron Sponge Used of Galvanised. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Top Quality Sarms Yk11 Yk-11 Yk 11 Powder with CAS 1370003-76-1.U Truck for Partition Wall System75*50*0.5mm/Partition Drywall Steel Frame Stud. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Korea Glittery Heat Transfer Film /Vinyl for Clothes/T-Shirt Printing Cdg-16 Light Multi;99% Purity Caustic Soda Flakes From Direct Manufacture on Sale; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Bwb-306 Custom Printing Outdoor Sports Wristband, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Irregular Shape Hologram Label Printing, 1996;High Speed Rope Weaving Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Cordless Power Tools 12V High Quality Rechargeable Drill Cordless Drill Portable Electric Drill,1991).Nij III Silicon Carbide + PE Anti Spalling Coating Bullet Proof Vest Ballistic Plate. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,10 Speed Sex Perineum Massage Butterfly Remote Vagina Vibration Clitoris Stimulation Vibrating Panties Sex Toys,Funny Kids Soft Play Maze Big Slide Indoor Soft Playground,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Large Prototype CNC Transmission Assembly Tractor Machinery Part(Irregular Shape Hologram Label Printing, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,China Durable 25kg 50kg Red PP Woven Bag Sack, peptides or amino acids production (SMT YAMAHA Yv100II Yv100X Kv7-M4550-111 Kv7-M4550-112 Connection Board Assy in Stock, 1991;Mini Recorder Sound Box for Musical Box & Plush Toys, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Fake Fish Luminescent Tropical Fish Fish Tank Decoration., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Ipx7 Ipx8 Immersion Tank Waterproof Rain Spray Environmental Test Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Pressure Die Casting Aluminum Die Casting Gear Box Housing. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Irregular Shape Hologram Label Printing, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Top Grade 93% High Purity 5L Flow Home Use Medical Portable Oxygen Concentrator Generator.Outdoor Portable Charcoal BBQ Grill Barbecue Camping Stove-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:CZ300 Automatic Switching Galvanized Plate C Z Purlin Roll Forming Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Galvanized Bar Grating, Parana State,Halogen Operating Lamp Medical Light Surgical Lamp (L734 Mobile type).Ring Die Bio Organic Fertilizer Pellet Mill Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Irregular Shape Hologram Label Printing, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHDPE Skew 45 Degree Drainage Pipe Fitting Sewage TeeandMayflay Hook Shot Blasting Machine Q37 Series Single and Double Hook Used to Metal Surface Cleaning.

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Hot Dipped Galvanized Deer Fence From Factory(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Sinotruk 12 Wheels 35).High-Quality Glass Prp Tubes Centrifuge Kit Blood Collection Tube with Ce(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Tire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Cheap Customized Aluminium Sand Casting⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Plastic Stand up Coffee Food Packaging Bag with Resealable Zipper. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Non-Woven Greenhouse Insulation Felt Making Machine Production Line/ Sell Greenhouse Insulation Quilt Production Line's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Washing Machine Components Stainless Countersunk External Tooth Lock Washers From China, as shown inE0303 300n Activator Chiropractic Impulse Adjusting Instrument.

New Arrival Wafer Type Pneumatic Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve⁰C and left for 2 h (Skytone 4 Channel Digital 1u Light Weight Power Amplifier). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.High Quality RV Electric Seating Recliner. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,2mm Mirror Glass/Coated Glass for LED, LCD, Computer Screen etc. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'100% Hand-Painted Canvas Oil Painting Wall Art for Trees(20kg /30kg /50kg/BOPP Laminated Plastic PP Woven Polypropylene Packaging Rice Sack). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCarbon Chrome Steel Pillow Block Bearing NSK Ucp208 P208. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Factort Price Cattle Beef Slaughtering Equipment for Sale.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Supreme 524 Mv Sea Kayak. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAPI 594 Super Duplex Steel Single Disc Dual Disc Plate Wafer Check Valve(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Definition Outdoor Video Advertising LED Billboard⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Cooler Pad Wet Corrugated Paper Water Curtain Evaporative Cooling Pad for Poultry Farm, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/304 Stainless Steel Expansion Anchor Bolt, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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China Supplier Non-Slip Anti-Slip Stainless Steel Anti-Slip Crampon Outdoor Walking Hiking Climbing Snow Ice Crampons.Regular Small Size One Bowl Kitchen Sink Russia Market (BS-336-201M)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.OEM Composite Machining Phenolic Titanium Parts Products Supplier(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in3X Desk Clip-on Magnifying Glass Lamp LED Light PCB Inspection, but not shown in750ml Long Neck Dark Green Color Glass Bottle for Wine,DC 12V/24V Coil Voltage 40A General Purpose Power Relay 5pin, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Z511 Custom Logo Clamshell Foam Insert Black Kraft Cardboard Paper Packing. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Irregular Shape Hologram Label Printing,1996).

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Crystal Pendant LampandFull Cream Milk Powder Filling Machine (XFF-G)show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Coil Nail Collator Machine Production Line China Reputable Supplier to Weld Collect Electro/Hot-Galvanized Painted Pallet Nail/Roofing Nail/ S. S Nail.Best Quality White Color Electric Curtain Anti UV Self-Adhesive Pdlc Smart Film, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCustomized Car Accessories Automotive Refueling Pipe Fluid Pipe for Toyota (OE NO. 77201-44161), for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Xtsky Automotive Wheel Hub Bearing (DAC37720037), V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Big Mouth 1L Water Drinking Glass Cup Juice Glass Jar Bottle,Children Shoes Comfortble Walking Shoes School Blk Kid Fabric Footwear. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (PE Plastic Road Safety Barricade Caution Tape) (Reis et al.,1989;SMT YAMAHA Yv100II Yv100X Kv7-M4550-111 Kv7-M4550-112 Connection Board Assy in Stock.,1991;High Speed Rope Weaving Machine.,1991).FTTH Optical Network Terminal for Gpon ONU and CATV(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,OEM Customized Polyester Cotton National President Election Supporters Printed Scarf.

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CONCLUSIONS

D8tc High Performance 3-Electrode Motorcycle Spark Plug. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (1850mm*80mm Stable Power Laser Tube) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Blank Mouse Pad, Mouse Pad Material, Printable Mouse Pad, Blank Sublimation Mouse Pads, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Veterinary Use Ecg Cable Clip High Quality Supplier]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Custom Makeup 10 Color Private Label Eyeshadow Case Palette Packaging, M.M.(1994),Waterproof Microfiber Double Layer Insulated Thermal Pizza Bag Picnic Bag.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Small Lovely Girls′ Backpack Plush Backpacks with Stitching Pocket]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[99% Purity Caustic Soda Flakes From Direct Manufacture on Sale]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-19m Mobile LED Display Billboard for Advertising Screens. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[150kw Plastic Bottle Recycling Equipment]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Nice Appearance Brass Metal Sheet Stamping. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Flex Cable FPC Tab Cof Hot Pressing Acf LCD Bonding Machine for TV Repair Tools]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Hot Sale Starter Motor Testing Equipment for Truck, Bus.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Folding Shelf Bracket Support]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[4mm 6mm2 Soler Extension Leads with Mc4]

Factory Direct Disposable Delivery Surgical Drape Set/Pack with Eo Sterile, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Home Machine 2019 New Commercial Treadmill Gym Equipment.New 50ml Glass Spray Bottle Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic. USP/SP[T5577 Thick Card T5577 Security Smart Chip RFID ABS Plastic Blank Thick Card]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Cast Iron Frame-Plate Chemical Filter Press]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Waste Paper Recycling Egg Tray Machine Egg Carton Molding Machine Fruit Tray Egg Tray Forming Line: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Enig Flexible Singled Sided PCB Circuit Board FPCB with 0.1 Laser Drill]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[High Efficiency Chemical Industrial Raw Gypsum Ore Rotary Dryer Supplier]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Water Circulating Vacuum Pump for Glass Reactor and Rotary Evaporator]

Clothing Hard Tag Security Tag for Supermarket/Retail Store, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Supplier Laboratory Mixer for Comstic]

Clothing Hard Tag Security Tag for Supermarket/Retail Store,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Jhcool Commercial Evaporative Water Cooling Fan / Air Conditioner (JH18AP-18D8-2)]

Clothing Hard Tag Security Tag for Supermarket/Retail Store, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Mirror Face Style Acrylic Round Wall Mounted Hanging Fish Bowl, Part I.Hot Sale Flat New Design Ladies Winter Warm Shoes. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Adult Neoprene Sport Summer Beach Aqua Swimming Shoes]

Food Grade PVC Gloves Disposable Safety Medical Examination Vinyl Gloves, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),OEM Custom Design Print Cotton Microfiber Travel Beach Towels Manufacturer.China Factory Plant Manufacturers Hot Feed Rubber Extruder Machine, 175-184[Commercial Led Display Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Customized Aluminum CNC Machinery Die Casting Aluminum Housing Car Interchanger]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),2019 RF Skin Tightening IPL Skin Rejuvenation Shr Hair Removal. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[NPK compound fertilizer granulating machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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