ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Plastic Therm Forming Filling Sealing Machine, Lid Press Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale.New Design Customized 100% Cotton Home Towel Bath Towel. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Toughened Railing Glass;Delrin Sheets with Good Wear Resistance; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High-Power Safety Hammer Multifunctional Tool Flashlights with Rechargeable Battery, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service, 1996;Spiral Rib Dies, Tungsten Carbide Spiral Screw Wire Drawing Dies., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Plastic Gas and Water End Protective Covers (YZF-H26),1991).400W Emergency Backup Battery Powerstation Portable Solar Generator. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof,Automatic Electric Hydraulic Metal Bending Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,6082 and 6061 Aluminum CNC Machining Parts for Aircraft(Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,1054 FRP Pressure Vessel for Water Softener & Water Treatment, peptides or amino acids production (Type B Stainless Steel Threaded Quick Connector Coupling for Water Oil Gas System, 1991;Non Woven Fabric for Shoe Lining Shoe Inner Good Quality, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Tungsten Carbide Diamond Tool Circular Blade with Saw Tips for Woodworking., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.HDPE Large Diameter Hollowness Wall Winding Pipe Production Line.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Non-Woven Medical Outside Earloop Mask Making Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Professional Family Nonstick Cast Iron Frying Pan.Wholesale Waterproof Outdoor Army Military Camouflage Printing Ripstop Polyester Fabric-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Fashionable Clothing Garment Paper Swing Tags (ST-01)(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Cog Mono Round Display LCD Module(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (6 Shooter Multi-Band Ligator Used to Endoscopically Ligate Esophageal Varices).TV Stand Carving European LED Lights Heating Fireplace (320SS)(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 150W⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Low Price Fashion Unique Plastic Zipper⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Silica Gel- Indicating Blue to Pink After Adsorption. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Offer High Quality Square and Round Cast Iron Manhole Cover's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)White Tight Long Sleeves off Shoulders Celebration Bandage Dress, as shown inAutomatic Soap Bag in Box Packing Machine.

OEM Precision Electronic Industry Machined/Machining CNC Brass Connectors⁰C and left for 2 h (New Style Indoor Dynamic Digital LED Waterfall Water Curtain Fountain). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.4X3200 2mm 3mm 4mm Nc Steel Metal Aluminum QC12y Shearing Machine and Power Shearing Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Road Safety Reflective Waterproof Plastic Reflectors. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Mirror 3003 H12 Aluminium Chequered Sheet for Baking Sheet in Hungary(Industrial Packing Paper Pulp Tray Making Machine Egg Tray Making Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFresh Cat Food Making Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality Gas Spring Strut Gas Shock for Wall Bed.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Industrial Bedsheet Folding Machine (ZD-3000). Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avGalvanized Iron / Stainless Steel Crimped Square Woven Wire Mesh(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Pressure Low Volume 2900rpm electric Water Pump⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Haivol High Voltage 8.7/15kv Cold Shrinkable 1 Cores Outdoor Terminal Kit (Applicable of cable crosssection 240), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

UV8d Wouxun High Gain Antenna Dual Band AntennaandBoat Windlass Truck Auto Manual Lifting Hoist Tractortraction Hand Winch. Enzymatic (Multifunction Copper Busbar Processing for Aluminum Material)Men Genuine Leather Sling Shoulder Satchel Messenger Bag(sulfuric acid)Electric DC 24V Geared Motor for Auto Doors(Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Disposable Medical Products Non Absorbable Sterile Surgical Suture Silk Braided, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Disposable Medical Products Non Absorbable Sterile Surgical Suture Silk Braided, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

RF Shielding MRI Door with Brass Frame for RF Cage.Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inchshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Geotextile Beg Used for Beach Restoration Geobag(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRubber Diaphragm Seals HNBR EPDM Rubber Diaphragm in High Quality, but not shown inLuxury Hotel Furniture Antique Design Marble Side Table,Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Dental Emax Empress Crown From China Dental Lab. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service,1996).

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Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.ANSI B16.5 Stainless Steel SS316 Forging Blind Flange,3.0inch 1080P HD Car Driving Recorder with Loop Recording WDR Motion Detection. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Customized Gift Boxing Laser Engraved Zinc Alloy Gold Metal Medal (241)) (Reis et al.,1989;Type B Stainless Steel Threaded Quick Connector Coupling for Water Oil Gas System.,1991;Spiral Rib Dies, Tungsten Carbide Spiral Screw Wire Drawing Dies.,1991).2 V Lead Acid /AGM/Gem/Flooded Voltage Equalizers/Balancers for Agv 36V 48V Gel Battery Balancer(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Integrated Hydraulic Steering Control Units (BZZ1F SCU).

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CONCLUSIONS

New Model Water Source Heat Pump (SLW100D). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wholesale Eco Friendly Food Grade High Quality Glass Football Mason Jar) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Chinese Manufacturer Custom Letter Chenille Patches Embroidery Sew on Garment, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[1kg Automatic Ice Cube Packing Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Food Grade 1050 Large Diameter Thin Wall Aluminum Round Tube, M.M.(1994),10mm, 15mm, 20mm Customize Thickness Aluminum Honeycomb Sheets.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Neodymium Magnet Tweeter]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[304 321 310 310S Welded Decorative Stainless Steel Pipe]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Auto Focus 280W 300W Metal Wood Laser Cutting Machine 1325. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Five Axis CNC Flame/Plasma Pipe Cutting and Profiling Machine]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Capacity Vibrating Screen Manufacturer. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Nice Appearance Brass Metal Sheet Stamping]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Electrochemical Polishing Tungsten Evaporation Materials.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Gas Stove with Two Burner Non Stick Gas Cooker (JP-GC206TS)]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[300W-2kw Solar Panel and Wind Turbine Hybrid System]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Towed Bitumen Mixer Slj5]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality Hot Plate Non-Stick Catering Equipment Snack Machine Stainless Steel Electric Sandwich Panini Contact Press Grill: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Custom Durable Silicone Rubber Seal Ring for Pressure Cooker]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Metal Conductivity Meter]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[China Best Quality Hose Crimping Machine]

CNC Machined Parts Aluminum/Brass/Steel/Stainless Steel Parts, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cheese Puffed Snacks Making Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[14-Inch Vacuum-Brazed Diamond Saw Blades for Metal and Iron]

CNC Machined Parts Aluminum/Brass/Steel/Stainless Steel Parts,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Garden Irrigation Spray Micro Sprinkler Controller]

CNC Machined Parts Aluminum/Brass/Steel/Stainless Steel Parts, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Wholesale Hotfix Rhinestone Patterns Motif Logo for Decoration, Part I.China High Profit Automatic Pet Extruder Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[125kHz RFID Tag Tk4100 IC Epoxy Card with Smart Card]

Good Quality Fashion Design ABS Luggage Trolley Suitcase in 3PCS (LA337), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Best Price Spc Lvt PVC Vinyl Flooring for Home Office.Red Papillon (JSY-3) Satin Ribbon Flower, 175-184[Plain Makeup Bag Factory & Manufacturer]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Steel Jacket Steam Insulation Pipeline Production Best Price]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Zw20 Outdoor Pole Mounted Sf6 Gas Insulated Load Break Switch. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[D8tc High Performance 3-Electrode Motorcycle Spark Plug]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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