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ABSTRACT

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Key words;Zoo-Tunes Portable Wireless Mini Character Speakers;CF8m Air Actuated Valve Dn15; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Rectangular Design Ceramic Small Glass Basin Sink for Bathroom, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Premium Baby Toddler Food Feeding Silicone Bowl with Lid, 1996;Hardcover Bear′s Story Children Book Custom Printing., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Deluxe Saddle Doctor Chair Dental Stool with Adjustable Seat,1991).Medium High Carbon Black Round Bicycle Wheel Spoke Tension Steel Wire. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete,Professional Silicone Rubber Gasket for Doors Windows,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Top Quality 99.95% Molybdenum Square Plates(Premium Baby Toddler Food Feeding Silicone Bowl with Lid, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,HDPE Skew 45 Degree Drainage Pipe Fitting Sewage Tee, peptides or amino acids production (Flat Face Stainless Steel Female Jic Quick Release Coupling, 1991;Aluminium Glass Dropper for Glass Dropper Bottle, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;L133pbd Common Rail Delphi Nozzle for Ford Mondeo., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Pet PVC Shrink Label for Bottled Beverage Bottle Can Packing.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Premium Baby Toddler Food Feeding Silicone Bowl with Lid, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Automatic PS Foam Lunch Box Fast Food Container Tray Vacuum Forming Machine.One Compartment Commercial Sink Without Drainboard-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ge Holter Cable Snap Type Holter ECG Cable(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Rolling Shutter Door Hardwares, Link Pipe, Link Clip(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Wholesale Customized Packing PP Onion Potatoes Garlic Packing Bags).200L 220L Plastic Drum Chemical Barrel Blow Molding Moulding Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%China Realiable Manufacturer Sanitary Stainless Steel Brewing PTFE Diaphragm Valve⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%FUJI Small Home Lift for Sale⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Sale Effective Scc628 Water-Based Green Cutting Fluid From China Supplier. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Water Circulating Vacuum Pump for Glass Reactor and Rotary Evaporator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Ce Jacket Heated Water Chocolate Holding Tank Manufacturer, as shown inFlexible PUR TPU Spiral Cable Coiled Power Cable for Automation Intelligent Robot Arm.

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Beer Made in China OEM Abv 8.0%Vol Lager Beer. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCat Cardboard House Pet Product Accessories(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Aoer 1/3HP, 1725 Rpm, 115V AC Single Phase Electric Motor Washing Machine Motor⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hf Vacuum Dryer Machine for Drying Wood, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Hot Sale Classic Golden Painted Rectangular Mirrored Dining Table, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Wholesales Newest Cotton Sleeve Case for Laptop Bag for PRO Tablet iPad. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (65 Polyester 35 Cotton Fabric Camouflage Printed Fabric) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

OEM/ODM Raw Material MDF HDF Laminate Door, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Advertising Led Display Fan]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,7628 Fiberglass Cloth/Fabric, M.M.(1994),Stainles Steel Cartridge Filter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Automatic Bolt Making]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[ Melamine Cabinet]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-750ml Long Neck Dark Green Color Glass Bottle for Wine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Stainless Steel 201/304/316 CF8/CF8m 1000wog Threaded Ball Valve]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Floral Kids PVC School Raincoat. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[PDC Diamond Enhanced Mining Pick Tool for Hard Rock Tunneling Excavation]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ CE)]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Custom small plastic printed box for keychain (PET box)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Auto Water Cooling Radiator Release Temperature Screw Air Compressor]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Cartridge Dab]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter]

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Best Price 100kVA/150kVA Cummins Power Generator Diesel Engines,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Fuel Injector Nozzle F01r00m116 for Chery QQ 1.0 6711]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[CNC Gun Drilling Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),HD 1.3MP 360 Degree Panoramic Alarm IP Camera 960p Fisheye Wireless Camera with TF Card Slot IR 10m Yoosee. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Handmade Paper 3D Quilling Greeting Cards Quilling Birthday Cards.]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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