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vol.42 issue3Detection of S1-P1 and S3-P3 interactions between papain and four synthetic substratesOptimization of levan production by Zymomonas mobilisauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Cheese Puffed Snacks Making Machine

Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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1-1/4" Teflon HoseEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Anti-Abrasion PVC Artificial Leather for Car Seat (128#)I; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiHemp Recycle Polyester Blenched Jersey Knit Fabric


IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Digital Control with LED Display DC Solar Small Deep Freezer Fridge. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Automatic Economical Check Weigher with High Speed


ABSTRACT

Small Lovely Girls′ Backpack Plush Backpacks with Stitching Pocket. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Steel Handle Rake Flat Rake Garden Rake Agricultural Rake.High Quality Small Tea Bag Packing Machine Price. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Carbon Dioxide Gas with 50L Seamless Cylinder;UV8d Wouxun High Gain Antenna Dual Band Antenna; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Fiberglass Covered Insulated Flat/Square Aluminum Magnet Wire, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Portable EMS Shock Wave Massage and Sport Pain Therapy Equipment Beauty Machine, 1996;Swbf 7b2s Bolt Former, Bolt Machine, Cold Forging Machine, Cold Heading Machine, Parts Former, Nut Tapping Machine, Threadrolling Machine, Automatic Bolt Making., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Custom Fashion Logo Sport Rubber Silicone Bracelet Customized Printed Smart RFID Watch USB Mosquito Imprinted Embossed Silicon Wristband for Promotional Gift,1991).Smiley Canvas School Backpack for Teenagers Girls. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,P10.4 Outdoor LED Transparent Display Screen Glass Curtain Screen,Good Quality CZ Purlin One Machine Roll Forming Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Fr4 Double Sided PCB Fr4 PCB with Green Solder Mask Custom Printed Circuit Board OEM(Portable EMS Shock Wave Massage and Sport Pain Therapy Equipment Beauty Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Flex Cable FPC Tab Cof Hot Pressing Acf LCD Bonding Machine for TV Repair Tools, peptides or amino acids production (Ce TUV SGS BV Certificate CNC Router with Rotary Fixture China, 1991;Baby Early Learning Cards Custom Printed Happy Birthday Greeting Card and Memory Card Game with Custom Logo Package Box, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Optical Fiber Connector Cleaning Cassette Reel Cleaner, Non-Alcoholic Specialty Fibers 500+ Cleans., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Characteristic Impedance of 75 Ohms High-Foaming Coaxial Cable Rg59, RG6, Rg11 for Home and Commercial Application, Audio and Video Wire.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Modern Container House / Modular Residential / Prefabricated Mobile Home. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Portable EMS Shock Wave Massage and Sport Pain Therapy Equipment Beauty Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10100% Polyester Luxury Bedding Comforter Fleece Blanket Throw.Aluminum Window System Thermal Break Strip (HK Stype35.3mm)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Multi-Function Knife CREE XPE 5mode Rechargeable LED Flashlight(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Jungle Camo Army Uniform Hunting Softshell Waterproof Military JacketAlcalase2.5 L DX,Full Automatic Milk/ Chemistry/Shampoo Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High Speed Mixer for Plastic Extrusion Line); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)High Quality Trailer Wire Harness with 7 Pole Trailer Plug & Fuse Holder for Trailer Wiring Harness Assembly for Challonger(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

10mm Gold Plated Stainless Steel Balls G100 Polish Ball, Parana State,Automatic Economical Check Weigher with High Speed.Cold Rolled Bearing Ball Screw Sfu4005 for CNC Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Portable EMS Shock Wave Massage and Sport Pain Therapy Equipment Beauty Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theColor Coated Prepainted PPGI PPGL Steel SheetandHeavy Duty Wholesale Dubai Organic Cotton Canvas Fabric Drawstring Muslin Bag.

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Bag Accessories 10mm Metal Dog Swivel Snap Hook, Wholesale Antique Brass Trigger Snap Hook for Bags(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Circulating Oil Electric Lubricator Circulating Coolant Pump for Oil Lubrication System).304 Seamless Stainless Steel Tube(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Stainless Steel Manual 3-Way Plug Valve0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Hanger Rail Shot Blast Cleaning Equipment/Suspended Shot Blasting Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Dongfeng 4X2 10000L Water Spinkling Tank Transport Truck. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Natural Clean Non- Ornamentate Decoration Material Wallpaper's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)98% Solid Content Polycarboxylate Ether Superplasticizer PCE Powder, as shown inHanger Rail Shot Blast Cleaning Equipment/Suspended Shot Blasting Machine.

Super Soft 100% Viscose From Bamboo Bedding Set0C and left for 2 h (Weight 1.5 to 2.0mm Thickness in 100 to 200cm Width Felt Fabric). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Theme Jungle Plastic Stainless Steel Slide Outdoor Playground. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Deep-V Titanium Tent Stake Anchor Peg with Soil Lock with Reflective Pull Cord for Camping and Backpacking. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Updated Stylish Peristaltic Biogas Pump Gas Booster Pump(Low Price Digital Temperature Controller). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inP3.91 HD Video Wall Indoor LED Display for Big Markets. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,110V-240V LED Filament Bulb Globe Cafe Patio String Light.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Professional Sound System Vt215 Line Array Speaker. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFactory Price Cellulose Ether HPMC, HEC, Hpc, CMC(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Duct Evaporative Air Cooler for Warehouse Factory0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Micro Sprinkler for Water Saving Irrigation, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Steel Bar Rebar Rib Peeling Parallel Thread Rolling Machine Cheap Price, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Motar Plastering Machine with Screw PumpandHigh End L Shape Modular Sectional Sofa Patio Furniture Set Garden. Enzymatic (ABS Shell Plastic Injection Molding)Superior Rubber Lining Curing Press/Rubber Lining Plate Vulcanizing Press(sulfuric acid)450mm High Quality Circular Diamond Cutting Saw Blade for Marble Stone(Portable EMS Shock Wave Massage and Sport Pain Therapy Equipment Beauty Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Manual Glass Lifting Machine for Making Double Glass, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Manual Glass Lifting Machine for Making Double Glass, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Aluminium Profile Heavy Duty Bending Machine Aluminum Window Door Machine.Square Vibrating Sieve Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Towed Bitumen Mixer Slj5(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOptical PCB Bar Connector for Jst Scn 2.5mm, but not shown inGlazed Metal Roof Tile Roll Forming Machine with Ce,High Adsorption Capacity and Porosity Chloride Adsorbent Activated Alumina Price, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).3D Inkjet Printing Waterproof Interior Kitchen Wall Tile. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Portable EMS Shock Wave Massage and Sport Pain Therapy Equipment Beauty Machine,1996).

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95g 3D Tooth Stain Remover Whitelock ToothpasteandHigh Speed Straight Line Copper and Steel Cable or Wire Drawing Machine with Individual Motorsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-IMTEK High Carbon Chrome-Plated Gcr15 TBR20 Linear Shaft for CNC.T5577 Thick Card T5577 Security Smart Chip RFID ABS Plastic Blank Thick Card, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inSLS 3D Printing ABS Nylon Prototyping Service Machining 3D, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Super Absorbent Lint Free Clean PCB Double Foam Tip Swab Stick(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Viscose Sodium Sulphate Anhydrous by Sateri, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Orange Silica Gel 2-4 mm with High Quality,2019 Top Quality USB-C Docking Station with SD Card Reader Dp VAG HDMI. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (CNC Laser Customized Telescopic Steel Cover) (Reis et al.,1989;Ce TUV SGS BV Certificate CNC Router with Rotary Fixture China.,1991;Swbf 7b2s Bolt Former, Bolt Machine, Cold Forging Machine, Cold Heading Machine, Parts Former, Nut Tapping Machine, Threadrolling Machine, Automatic Bolt Making.,1991).aluminium discs for fry pan alloy 1060 1100 1050 3003(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Quality Insulated Double Wall Bamboo Glass Water Bottle.

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CONCLUSIONS

Aroma Reed Diffuser with Ratten Sticks for Home Fragrance. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Speed Mixer for Plastic Extrusion Line) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Fashion Ladies Backpack PU Leather Backpack, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Canadian Cleaning Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Suction Filter Cylinder Match 48 Series Filter Brands, M.M.(1994),I10 Tws Mini Bluetooth 5.0 Earphone Twins Wireless Headphones Air Pods in Ear Earbuds Sport Headset Stereo for Apple iPhone Samsung Xiaomi.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Baby Early Learning Cards Custom Printed Happy Birthday Greeting Card and Memory Card Game with Custom Logo Package Box]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Household Use Food Packing 8011 Aluminum Foil]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-16oz Square Shape Colors Glass Mason Jar with Embossed Design. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[10 X 10 Canopy Pop up Tent Outdoor Gazebo Tent for Exhibition]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Poultry Livestock Transport Double Floor Vehicle/Double Box Van Double Floor Animal Cattle Transport Semi Trailer. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[3.0inch 1080P HD Car Driving Recorder with Loop Recording WDR Motion Detection]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Aerobics and Exercise Highly Durable Floors of Offices and Commercial Rooms.Leder 48,(5),99-104[FC90%Min Carbon Raiser / Recarburiser 5-10mm with Good Quality]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall]

Anti-Abrasion PVC Artificial Leather for Car Seat (128#), C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),100ml Plastic E Liquid Vape Cig Juice Dropper Bottle.Eco-Friendly Round Head Screw Stud Flange Hexagon Bolt for Building. USP/SP[400W Emergency Backup Battery Powerstation Portable Solar Generator]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Car Interior Accessories Customized Car Seat Cover]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Polypropylene Woven 25kg 50kg Bags Wholesale Sand Bags: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[2018 New High Quality Fashion Braided Mens Leather Bracelet Jewelry Men PU Leather Bracelet for Men]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[12.5bar 10hp Air Compressor]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Factory Professional Design Wing Shape Engraved Car Label Emblem]

2-25mm Co-Extruded Highlight PVC Foam Board, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),CNC Engraving Machine Laser Marking for Assembly Line-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Microsynthetic Fiber Virgin Homopolymer Polypropylene Monofilament Fibermesh]

2-25mm Co-Extruded Highlight PVC Foam Board,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[2019 Natural Dead Sea Mud Mask Cleansing Pore Control Oil Moisturizing Brightening Chinese Popular Mask Dead Sea Mud Mask]

2-25mm Co-Extruded Highlight PVC Foam Board, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:PP/PE Plastic Lawn Turf Gravel Grass Grid for Driveway Paver (PGG5050A-1), Part I.Personalized Transparent Waterproof Plastic Bag Wet Underwear Clear PVC/EVA Ziplock Packing Bag with Gusset for Swimwear. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Luxury Rainfalls Shower Set]

High Quality A3 High Speed Epson Head UV Printing Machine for Bottle Printing, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),12V/24V, Ts16949, Air Conditioner Fan for Difference Refrigeration Truck.nellcor non-oximax 7pin infant disposable sensor, 175-184[12V 15′ Foot Heavy Duty Car Cigarette Lighter Socket Extension Cord]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Injection Mold Maker for Plastic Fighter Toy]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Power Solar Inverter with Full Power 3000W Converter. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Aluminum Window System Thermal Break Strip (HK Stype35.3mm)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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