ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

CF8m Air Actuated Valve Dn15. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Rectangular Design Ceramic Small Glass Basin Sink for Bathroom.Premium Baby Toddler Food Feeding Silicone Bowl with Lid. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Medium High Carbon Black Round Bicycle Wheel Spoke Tension Steel Wire, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete, 1996;Professional Silicone Rubber Gasket for Doors Windows., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Top Quality 99.95% Molybdenum Square Plates,1991).HDPE Skew 45 Degree Drainage Pipe Fitting Sewage Tee. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Flat Face Stainless Steel Female Jic Quick Release Coupling,Aluminium Glass Dropper for Glass Dropper Bottle,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,L133pbd Common Rail Delphi Nozzle for Ford Mondeo(Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Pet PVC Shrink Label for Bottled Beverage Bottle Can Packing, peptides or amino acids production (Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts, 1991;Automatic PS Foam Lunch Box Fast Food Container Tray Vacuum Forming Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;One Compartment Commercial Sink Without Drainboard., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Ge Holter Cable Snap Type Holter ECG Cable.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Medical Garbage Treatment with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Hospital Rubbish Sterilizer 5. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰PVD Vacuum Metal Coating Machine for Stainless Steel, Ceramic, Glass.65 Polyester 35 Cotton Fabric Camouflage Printed Fabric-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Food Bag Core Rolling Bag Grocery Plastic Bag LDPE Bag Cheap Rolling Bag Cold Cutting Vegetable Bag Flat Bag Fruit Bag Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

China Realiable Manufacturer Sanitary Stainless Steel Brewing PTFE Diaphragm Valve, Parana State,Zoo-Tunes Portable Wireless Mini Character Speakers.FUJI Small Home Lift for Sale, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMeanwell LRS-35-24 35W 24V 1.5A Merchanical And Electrical Equipment With 3 Years Warranty Switching Power SupplyandChina Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW.

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Excavator Diesel Engine Spare Parts Yanmar 4tnv98 Main Bearing+0.5⁰C and left for 2 h (Simple Hot Sell Wooden Watch Quartz Wristwatch Custom Logo Wholesales). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Beer Made in China OEM Abv 8.0%Vol Lager Beer. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Cat Cardboard House Pet Product Accessories. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'EPDM Crossfit Gym Mat/Rubber Interlocking Flooring(Haa 800mAh NiMH Battery Pack). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inEVA Slipper Vulcanizing Press EVA Sole Foaming Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Aoer 1/3HP, 1725 Rpm, 115V AC Single Phase Electric Motor Washing Machine Motor.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hf Vacuum Dryer Machine for Drying Wood. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHot Sale Classic Golden Painted Rectangular Mirrored Dining Table(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Horizontal Heavy Duty High Pressure Multistage Centrifugal Water Pump⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

750ml Long Neck Dark Green Color Glass Bottle for Wine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Rolling Shutter Door Hardwares, Link Pipe, Link Clip) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Floral Kids PVC School Raincoat, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Collapsible Body 10L Insulated Cooler Bag Waterproof Dry Bag]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,MB-Z700 10-12t/H Hot Sale Wood Log Debarking Machine, M.M.(1994),Fs2121 Locking Latch Flush Stainless Steel and Flush Paddle Latch with Truck Toolbox Lock.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Outdoor Portable Charcoal BBQ Grill Barbecue Camping Stove]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Z511 Custom Logo Clamshell Foam Insert Black Kraft Cardboard Paper Packing]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Microsynthetic Fiber Virgin Homopolymer Polypropylene Monofilament Fibermesh. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Zircon Butterfly Open Ring Diamond Fashion Woemn Rings]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Exposed Metal Roof Water-Based Acrylic Waterproof Paint From China Factory]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Best Price 100kVA/150kVA Cummins Power Generator Diesel Engines.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Big Size Paint Booth]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Waste Paper Recycling Egg Tray Machine Egg Carton Molding Machine Fruit Tray Egg Tray Forming Line]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Cheap Stainless Steel Mirror Home Panoramic 6 Person Residential Passenger Lift Elevator: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Original SKF Deep Groove Ball Bearings 6208 6208-2z SKF 6208-2z]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Car Mirror Dvr Gps Android Wifi]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Amusement Park Kids Ride on Train Electric Kids Track My Train (14 seats) for Sale]

High Temperature & IR Drying Electronic Oven / Furnace, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Ce Approved Bowrider Leisure Boat for 6-8 People-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Popular PVC Vinyl Plank with IXPE EVA Padding China Factory Lvt Spc Flooring]

High Temperature & IR Drying Electronic Oven / Furnace,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[300mm Stroke Linear Module Sliding Bearing for CNC System]

High Temperature & IR Drying Electronic Oven / Furnace, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High End Folding Customized Golden Chocolate Paper Box, Part I.HD 1.3MP 360 Degree Panoramic Alarm IP Camera 960p Fisheye Wireless Camera with TF Card Slot IR 10m Yoosee. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Fs2121 Locking Latch Flush Stainless Steel and Flush Paddle Latch with Truck Toolbox Lock]

Industrial Original Cheap Brown Kraft Paper Core for Printer 0.5inches * 220mm, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Concrete Electric Pole Pile Making Spinning Machine.Shop Front Indoor Durable Hanging Banner Advertising Signs, 175-184[PTFE Lined Two Shaft Wafer Butterfly Valve Without Pin]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Supreme 524 Mv Sea Kayak]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Cosmetic & Food Grade Sodium Hyaluronate. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[200L 220L Plastic Drum Chemical Barrel Blow Molding Moulding Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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