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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Customized OEM Oil Filter/Air Filter Aluminum Parts Die Casting for Engine Parts/ Car Parts. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Zoo-Tunes Portable Wireless Mini Character Speakers.CF8m Air Actuated Valve Dn15. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Rectangular Design Ceramic Small Glass Basin Sink for Bathroom;Premium Baby Toddler Food Feeding Silicone Bowl with Lid; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hardcover Bear′s Story Children Book Custom Printing, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Deluxe Saddle Doctor Chair Dental Stool with Adjustable Seat, 1996;Medium High Carbon Black Round Bicycle Wheel Spoke Tension Steel Wire., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete,1991).Professional Silicone Rubber Gasket for Doors Windows. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Top Quality 99.95% Molybdenum Square Plates,HDPE Skew 45 Degree Drainage Pipe Fitting Sewage Tee,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Flat Face Stainless Steel Female Jic Quick Release Coupling(Deluxe Saddle Doctor Chair Dental Stool with Adjustable Seat, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Aluminium Glass Dropper for Glass Dropper Bottle, peptides or amino acids production (L133pbd Common Rail Delphi Nozzle for Ford Mondeo, 1991;Pet PVC Shrink Label for Bottled Beverage Bottle Can Packing, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Automatic PS Foam Lunch Box Fast Food Container Tray Vacuum Forming Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-One Compartment Commercial Sink Without Drainboard. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Deluxe Saddle Doctor Chair Dental Stool with Adjustable Seat, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Ge Holter Cable Snap Type Holter ECG Cable.Medical Garbage Treatment with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Hospital Rubbish Sterilizer 5-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:PVD Vacuum Metal Coating Machine for Stainless Steel, Ceramic, Glass(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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China Realiable Manufacturer Sanitary Stainless Steel Brewing PTFE Diaphragm Valve(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Stainless Steel Infrared Heater Automatic PVC Baking Oven with 3 Position Seperate Control).FUJI Small Home Lift for Sale(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Hot Sale Effective Scc628 Water-Based Green Cutting Fluid From China Supplier0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Water Circulating Vacuum Pump for Glass Reactor and Rotary Evaporator0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Ce Jacket Heated Water Chocolate Holding Tank Manufacturer. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Lanyards Ribbons Screen Printing Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)China Factory New-Product-Best-Quality-Customized-Metal-Pressing, as shown inFashion Children Fur Pompom Beanie Scarf Knit Set.

Good Price Pet Pharmacy Bottle Automatic Plastic Blow Molding Machine0C and left for 2 h (K-Pop Bts Baseball Hat Sport Anime Cap). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Recycle Finger Joint Core Film Faced Shuttering Plywood. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Excavator Diesel Engine Spare Parts Yanmar 4tnv98 Main Bearing+0.5. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Beer Made in China OEM Abv 8.0%Vol Lager Beer(Pet Material Alien 9654 Wet Inlay UHF Windshield Label). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDuctile Iron ASTM A536 Grade 65-45-12 Grooved Pipe Fittings and Equal Cross/ Reducing Cross for Building Projects. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Cat Cardboard House Pet Product Accessories.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%EPDM Crossfit Gym Mat/Rubber Interlocking Flooring. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAoer 1/3HP, 1725 Rpm, 115V AC Single Phase Electric Motor Washing Machine Motor(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hot Sale Classic Golden Painted Rectangular Mirrored Dining Table0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/52cc Gasoline Paddy Cutter Two Handle, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Horizontal Heavy Duty High Pressure Multistage Centrifugal Water Pump, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

7628 Fiberglass Cloth/Fabric. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Wholesale Colorful New Style Various Aluminum 24/410 415 Lotion Pump) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Stainles Steel Cartridge Filter, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Pp Corrugated Plastic Sheet]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,750ml Long Neck Dark Green Color Glass Bottle for Wine, M.M.(1994),Floral Kids PVC School Raincoat.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Rapid Prototype Plastic Molding Simple Rapid Tooling and Simple Mould]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Best Price Spc Lvt PVC Vinyl Flooring for Home Office]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-MB-Z700 10-12t/H Hot Sale Wood Log Debarking Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[1220*2440*15mm Chipboard with Plain Face for Furniture Decoration From China]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Fs2121 Locking Latch Flush Stainless Steel and Flush Paddle Latch with Truck Toolbox Lock. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Antique Stainless Steel Sheets Thailand 430 Stainless Steel Sheet]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Microsynthetic Fiber Virgin Homopolymer Polypropylene Monofilament Fibermesh.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Unprocessed Virgin Peruvian Lace Frontal Hair Pieces]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[99% Al2O3 High Alumina Ceramic Ball]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[M16 M20 Stainless Steel Hilti Chemical Thread Bar Anchor Bolt Wedge Hex Bolt Sleeve Anchor Grade 5.6]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-1008 Spindles Auto Doffer Machine for Spinning Ring Frame Polyester Yarn Winding Spinning Machine Cotton Wool Thread Ring-Spun Yarns Making Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[0.5L Plastic Pet Water Bottle Blower Molding Machine/Pet Bottle Making]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Calcium Carbonate Powder Grinding Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Full Automatic Combination Weighing Packing Machine Jy-420A]

0.5L Plastic Pet Water Bottle Blower Molding Machine/Pet Bottle Making, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cheap Stainless Steel Mirror Home Panoramic 6 Person Residential Passenger Lift Elevator-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Foshan Terracotta Facade Panel for Commercial Building Curtain Wall]

0.5L Plastic Pet Water Bottle Blower Molding Machine/Pet Bottle Making,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[New Virgin Teflon PTFE Teflon Gaskets/Back up Rings]

0.5L Plastic Pet Water Bottle Blower Molding Machine/Pet Bottle Making, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Temperature & IR Drying Electronic Oven / Furnace, Part I.Ce Approved Bowrider Leisure Boat for 6-8 People. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[One to One Order Following Strong Real Gold Thread]

High End Folding Customized Golden Chocolate Paper Box, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),HD 1.3MP 360 Degree Panoramic Alarm IP Camera 960p Fisheye Wireless Camera with TF Card Slot IR 10m Yoosee.Industrial Original Cheap Brown Kraft Paper Core for Printer 0.5inches * 220mm, 175-184[Low Noise Cable Chain]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ Video Camera]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Concrete Electric Pole Pile Making Spinning Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[A2 Grade Fireproof Customized Color ACP Sheet]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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