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ABSTRACT

Regular Small Size One Bowl Kitchen Sink Russia Market (BS-336-201M). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Stainless Steel LED Underground Light, Ground Lighting IP66.GMP Certified Health Food Vitamin C Electrolyte Effervescent Tablets (4G/ tablet * 10 tablets). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.10m City Bus Volvo Chassis Air Suspension System Maintain Spare Parts Stabilizer Bar Torque Arm Spare Parts, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift, 1996;Wholesale Fashion Women Clothes Fashion Yaga Pants., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Efficient Disinfection with Low Price N-Alkyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride,1991).Economic Full Automatic LED Pick and Place Machine for LED Strip Making. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,1/4 25FT Twin Line Welding Hose for Oxy-Acetylene,PETG Acrylic Sheet for Window,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Frequency Online UPS W/3W-20K(Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Luxurious Fire and Burglary Proof Hidden Hotel Security Safe Box, peptides or amino acids production (Fst800-211 Industrial Water Pressure Sensor and Transmitter with 4-20mA Output, 1991;14 Head Multihead Weigher for Pork with Screw Feeding, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stainless Steel Sanitary SS304/SS316 2 Way Tri Clamp Ball Valve., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.PSF 1000 Flat Plate Upper Discharge separator.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Aromatherapy Essential Oil Ultrasonic Diffuser with APP Remote Control Smart. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Powerful Neodymium Pot Magnet Rare Earth Pot Magnet.CNC Gun Drilling Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Dog Puppy Squeaker Plush Toy Training Chew Simulation Pet Products(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

High Whiteness & Excellent Dispersity Anatase Type Titanium DioxideAlcalase2.5 L DX,Large Jewelry Display Box for Ring Necklace Earring Storage Case, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Indoor Tub Customized Shower/Free Standing Shower Enclosure); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Glow in Dark Ceramic Sublimation Mug 11oz(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Double Poles Number Bimetal Strip 1AMP Mini Circuit Breaker, Parana State,Tall Thin Lowes Wood Storage Cabinet (GSP20-008).Stainless Steel 201/304/316 CF8/CF8m 1000wog Threaded Ball Valve, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theClass 1/Class 2 Birch Plywood for Automotive and Boatbuilding ApplicationsandPCBA SMT Equipment PCB Depaneling Machine.

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22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper ( Plastic Ceiling Rose).Supermarket Combined Island Chest Freezer Commercial Refrigerator(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PLA Biodegradable Compostable Plastic Lids Eco-Friendly with Factory Price⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Custom Black and White Hard Laptop Case Travel Suitcase's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Concrete Road Crack-Pouring Machine for Construction, as shown inFlip PU Tablet Case Cover for iPad iPad Mini 4 Cover.

Hot Sale 10cbm Gas Filling Tank Truck LPG Bobtail Truck Mobile Gas Station Truck⁰C and left for 2 h (Custom Clamshell Book Shape Black Cardboard Magnet Gift Box). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.China OEM Alloy Steel Precision Casting. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Fashion Multifunction Magic Tubular Head Scarf Outdoor Sport. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'China Best Quality Hose Crimping Machine(Optical Fiber Connector Cleaning Cassette Reel Cleaner). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B insilicone cross teether. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,1080P 360 Auto Tracking WiFi Battery Powered IP Camera for Baby Monitor.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Galvanized Metal Welded PVC Coated Wire Mesh Fence. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avButyl Tube 9.5r20, 12.4r24, 23.1r26, 16.9r38 Dong Ah Brand(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Luzhong-700 70HP 2WD Two Wheel Drive Farm Tractor⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Original SKF Deep Groove Ball Bearings 6208 6208-2z SKF 6208-2z, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Top Quality Sanitary Tube Shell Tube Heat Exchanger, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

18mm Thickness Best Quality Poplar Birch Commercial Plywood. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Indoor Tub Customized Shower/Free Standing Shower Enclosure) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

European Design Overhead Crane 3.2 Ton 5 Ton 10 Ton 16 Ton 20 Ton Electric Wire Rope Hoist Demag, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Featured]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Coroplast/Corflute/Correx/Corrugated/Fluted/Hollow/Twinwall/Multiwall PP/Plastic Sheets for Sign and Box, M.M.(1994),Nylon Hammer Fixings Drive Anchor.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Flyscreen Anti-Mosquito Mesh18*16/Inch Government Company]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Industrial Original Cheap Brown Kraft Paper Core for Printer 0.5inches * 220mm]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-OEM Electrolyte Effervescent Tablet. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[FUJI Small Home Lift for Sale]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Aluminium Alloy Photo Chemical Etching Acoustic Perforated Metal Mesh. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Distributor Living Room Furniture Restaurant Chair Tiffany Chair for Wedding]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ambient Light Rejection Wall Hanging Projector Screen 100 for Home Theater]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Hot Sale Knee Type Vertical Milling Machine for Sale (X5036)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-304 321 310 310S Welded Decorative Stainless Steel Pipe: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Crop Top Vest Fitness Drawstring Padded Gym Women Sleeveless Tank Sport Clothing]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Fruits And Vegetable Processing Equipment]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Automatic Bolt Making]

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Hot Sale! ! ! Bearing 608 Ceramic Deep Groove Ball Bearing (608ZZ/RS),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Stainless Steel 201/304/316 CF8/CF8m 1000wog Threaded Ball Valve]

Hot Sale! ! ! Bearing 608 Ceramic Deep Groove Ball Bearing (608ZZ/RS), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:250ml Medical Transparent Ultrasound Ultrasonic ECG Gel Wholesale Price, Part I.Kitchen Condiment Bottles Spice Seasoning Salt Pepper Grinder Storage Jar. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[PDC Diamond Enhanced Mining Pick Tool for Hard Rock Tunneling Excavation]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ CE)]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Aluminum Plate Fin Heat Exchanger/Oil Cooler Core. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Mini Cocoa Peanut Paste Grinding Butter Colloid Mill for Sale]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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