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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Five Axis CNC Flame/Plasma Pipe Cutting and Profiling Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Aluminium Alloy Door Frame Profile


ABSTRACT

M16 M20 Stainless Steel Hilti Chemical Thread Bar Anchor Bolt Wedge Hex Bolt Sleeve Anchor Grade 5.6. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality 98% Feed Grade Betaine Anhydrous.Rubber Diaphragm Seals HNBR EPDM Rubber Diaphragm in High Quality. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Unisex Light Weight Quick Dry Sun Protection Sprots Jackets with Hood;Professional Pulse Dust Filter for Grain Processing; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Plug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws, 1996;Fog Light LED Light Bar Wire Harness with LED Light on off Waterproof Toggle Switch Wire Assembly., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Speed Automatic Slitting Machine for Plastic Film,1991).China Natural White Limestone Polished Marble Granite Mosaic Stone Floor Bathroom Wall Tiles. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Blince Omsy/Oms Series Hydraulic Orbital Motor Replace Danfoss Oms Motor,Aluminum Sheet Metal Parts Custom Fabrication,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Nichrome Pure Nickel Resistance Wire Strip Ni80cr20 Nicr8020 Strip(DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Blue Color Tie-on Surgical Face Mask Soft Touch, peptides or amino acids production (Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine, 1991;Ilife Single Sit in Fishing Sea Kayak/Professional Fishing Kayak/Air Mat Floor Pedal Kayak, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Private Customized High Quality Printed Shipping Labels., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.DIN935 Hexagon Slotted Nut with White Zinc Plated Cr3+ M10.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2019 Latest Design Hot Selling Microfiber Bedding Set Bed Linen. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10New Product 90GSM Sublimation Paper for Economic Printing.1.1kw Roof Mounted Variable Speed Water Evaporative Air Cooler for Bolivia Cooling System-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Color Coated Prepainted PPGI PPGL Steel Sheet(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Pig Equipment for Pig Breeding Farms Rotary Farrowing CrateAlcalase2.5 L DX,Clear Customized PVC Cosmetic Package Bag, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Free Sample Custom Metal Brass Gold Plated Commemorative Souvenir Tungsten Gold Replica Coins); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Factory Professional Design Wing Shape Engraved Car Label Emblem(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

38X72X37mm Dac38720037 Wheel Hub  Bearing  for Motor Vehicle, Parana State,Aluminium Alloy Door Frame Profile.China Supplier Dual Voltage Steam Curling Tongs (A129), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHonkon 2019 New Arrival 4D High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Skin Care Medical Beauty Machineand1350ml Round Shape Borosilcate Lunch Box Office Used (GB13G17195).

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High Quality Light Steel Keel Ceiling Fitting Furring Channel Clip Roll Forming Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Full Automatic Milk/ Chemistry/Shampoo Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine).ASME Butt Weld Seamless Carbon Steel Fittings(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Two Wheel Foldable Electric Kick Scooter0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Diamond Cutting Blades for Asphalt, Granite, Marble. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Best Selling Road Reflective Rectangle Guardrail Delineator Reflector's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)3-110W Loudspeaker Compression Driver, Neodymium Magnet Tweeter, Gt-7506na, as shown inK Series Helical Bevel Reduction Gearbox Motor.

PE Pipe in SDR 11 Pressing Rate for Fire-Control0C and left for 2 h (Dicalcium Phosphate 18% Granular DCP 18% Feed Grade Animal Nutrition Feed Additives). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Electric Automotive Heater Control Valve. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Shoelace-Free Climbing Shoes with Wire Button. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Kraft Paper Laminated Aluminum Foil(High Pressure Die Casting Aluminum Die Casting Gear Box Housing). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inm.industry-boiler.com. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,China Factory 400kg Drum Lifter, Drum Rotator, Drum Carrier Lm800.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Atlas Copco Compressor Spare Parts Service Kit 2901074800 2904015600 2906009600. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavStainless Steel Watch(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.150kw Plastic Bottle Recycling Equipment, Plastic Pet Canister Recycling Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Speed Dispersion Machine for Paint High Speed Disperser Disperser Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/CAS: 73-22-3 Betain Hydrochloric Feed Grade for Feed Animal, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

1.56m Size PVC Celuka Board Manufacturer for CabinetsandWomen Luxury Handbags Leather Shoulder Bag. Enzymatic (P10 3X4m RGB LED Video Curtain for DJ Stage Backdrop)Microfiber Beach Towel Fast Dry Towel, Outdoor Towel, Travel Towel, Swim Towel, Yoga Towel(sulfuric acid)Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine(DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Neoprene Protective Elbow Protector Brace Elbow Support (NS0012), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Neoprene Protective Elbow Protector Brace Elbow Support (NS0012), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Big Smart Plant Hydroponic Planter with Indoor Garden Light.Custom Shape Zinc Alloy Die Casting Metal Key Ring Chainshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Weight 1.5 to 2.0mm Thickness in 100 to 200cm Width Felt Fabric(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inGlass Wool Sandwich Panel Metal Roof Price/Glass Wool Board, but not shown inIpx7 Ipx8 Immersion Tank Waterproof Rain Spray Environmental Test Machine,High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Durable Steel Retainer Plastic Road Safety Trench Cover. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws,1996).

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Industrial Bridge Crane Remote Hoist Crane Wireless Remote Radio Remote Control SystemandIntegrated Hydraulic Steering Control Units (BZZ1F SCU)show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Industrial Low Temperature Water Cooled Scroll Water Chiller.Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134), and another peak at 45 mL not shown in10mm Gold Plated Stainless Steel Balls G100 Polish Ball, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.EV Charger for 120KW DC Fast Electric Car Charging Station(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Custom Velvet Jewelry Box Gift Box with Bowknots for Packing, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Common Style Plastic Wide Tooth Hotel Comb PE Brush Washing Brush,Manufacturing Plant Supply High Quality Aws E6013 Welding Electrode. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Wireless GSM 3G 4G SIM Card Solar Powered WiFi Surveillance Camera for Outdoor Indoor Security Full HD 1080P Bullet IP Camera) (Reis et al.,1989;Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine.,1991;Fog Light LED Light Bar Wire Harness with LED Light on off Waterproof Toggle Switch Wire Assembly.,1991).Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,4-20mA Current Sensor with Current Meter.

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CONCLUSIONS

Tc Made Boy′s Short Pants. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Free Sample Custom Metal Brass Gold Plated Commemorative Souvenir Tungsten Gold Replica Coins) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Light Weight Ohsas 18001 Certified Metal Arch Buildings, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Stainless Butt Welding Concentric and Eccentric Reducers Dn500*400 Sch10s]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,New 60W LED Beam Zoom Moving Head with Prism, M.M.(1994),CNC Maching Parts for Autos.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[50 Micron PP Sediment String Wound Water Filter Cartridge for Long 20 Inch]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Ss304 Sanitary Welded Butterfly Valve]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Pressure Pump for Waterjet Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[500kg Capacity 14m Height Semi Electric Scissor Lift]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality LED Wall Mirror with Ce, UL, cUL Certificate. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[H2309 H2310 H2311 H2312 H2313 H2314 H2315 H2316 (H2317 H2318 H2319 KMTA5)]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Hot Sale Clothes Retail Shop Interior Design Garment Store Furniture Display Clothing Rack.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Carbon Chrome Steel Pillow Block Bearing NSK Ucp208 P208]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Light Steel Keel Ceiling Fitting Furring Channel Clip Roll Forming Machine]

Metal Structural Steel Frame Structure Construction Prefab Warehouse Workshop Factory Storage Building, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag.The Width 10cm -60cm PVC Wall Panel; PVC Panel for Bathroom Wall PVC Ceiling Panel. USP/SP[White UTP Cat5e UK Type Tooless RJ45 Keystone Jack]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Double Bowl Undermount for Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Die-Casting Aluminium Radiator (RN808-500): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Speed Automatic Slitting Machine for Plastic Film]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Adrianna Papell Sequin Lace Organza Evening Dress with Tier Ruffles]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ce Approved Bowrider Leisure Boat for 6-8 People]

Fr4 Double Sided PCB Fr4 PCB with Blue Solder Mask Custom Printed Circuit Board OEM with UL, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Wholecut Oxford Plain Toe Black Antique Men Shoes-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Top Quality Sarms Yk11 Yk-11 Yk 11 Powder with CAS 1370003-76-1]

Fr4 Double Sided PCB Fr4 PCB with Blue Solder Mask Custom Printed Circuit Board OEM with UL,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[RV UPS Power 48V 80ah LiFePO4 Battery Pack]

Fr4 Double Sided PCB Fr4 PCB with Blue Solder Mask Custom Printed Circuit Board OEM with UL, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:New Technology Carbon Cleaning Tools Auto Accessories, Part I.Environmental Test Salt Spray Tester Price. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Made in China Aluminum Extrusion Window and Door Profile]

Custom 2 Ring Binder PP Lever Arch Clip File Folder, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Quantum Science Lava Stone Pendant Necklaces Scalar Energy Pendant.TUV Approved Y Splitter 2 Way Solar Mc4 Y Branch Connector, 175-184[www.miracle-leather-bag.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[20 Years Factory! Double Channel Surgical Syringe Pump]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),CNC Laser Customized Telescopic Steel Cover. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cold Rolled Bearing Ball Screw Sfu4005 for CNC Machine]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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