ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Geotextile Beg Used for Beach Restoration Geobag. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag.Dental Emax Empress Crown From China Dental Lab. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Enig Flexible Singled Sided PCB Circuit Board FPCB with 0.1 Laser Drill, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall, 1996;ANSI B16.5 Stainless Steel SS316 Forging Blind Flange., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (3.0inch 1080P HD Car Driving Recorder with Loop Recording WDR Motion Detection,1991).2 V Lead Acid /AGM/Gem/Flooded Voltage Equalizers/Balancers for Agv 36V 48V Gel Battery Balancer. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Integrated Hydraulic Steering Control Units (BZZ1F SCU),New Model Water Source Heat Pump (SLW100D),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Chinese Manufacturer Custom Letter Chenille Patches Embroidery Sew on Garment(Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Food Grade 1050 Large Diameter Thin Wall Aluminum Round Tube, peptides or amino acids production (10mm, 15mm, 20mm Customize Thickness Aluminum Honeycomb Sheets, 1991;Auto Focus 280W 300W Metal Wood Laser Cutting Machine 1325, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Capacity Vibrating Screen Manufacturer., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Electrochemical Polishing Tungsten Evaporation Materials.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Kids Sneakers School Shoes for Girls with Design Wholesale High-Quality Custom Dropshipping Running Shoes. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰White UTP Cat5e UK Type Tooless RJ45 Keystone Jack.High Quality Hot Plate Non-Stick Catering Equipment Snack Machine Stainless Steel Electric Sandwich Panini Contact Press Grill-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:CNC Machined Parts Aluminum/Brass/Steel/Stainless Steel Parts(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Best Price Spc Lvt PVC Vinyl Flooring for Home Office, Parana State,RF Shielding MRI Door with Brass Frame for RF Cage.Red Papillon (JSY-3) Satin Ribbon Flower, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the Kitchen Floor Matand5.5 to 7.5kw AC Frequency Inverter for Motor AC Drive.

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Zw20 Outdoor Pole Mounted Sf6 Gas Insulated Load Break Switch(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Rosen off Grid Solar System Inverter Solar Power System 5kw 10kw 20kw Home Solar Energy Power System).Steel Structure Construction Building Metal House(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%1/8 1/4 3/8 1/2 Bsp Male Thread Pipe Fitting⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Wireless GSM 3G 4G SIM Card Solar Powered WiFi Surveillance Camera for Outdoor Indoor Security Full HD 1080P Bullet IP Camera⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Stainless Steel Sanitary Thread Pneumatic Butterfly Valve. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)2 Stroke Gasoline Grass Trimmer and Cutter 43cc (TT-BC415)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)New Design Slotted Board MDF for Wall Panel, as shown inHot Dipped Galvanized Deer Fence From Factory.

Factory Wholesale Reach Standard Home and Office Furniture Fitting⁰C and left for 2 h ( Croissant). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Plastic Bowl Producing Machine for Drink Cup, Jelly Cup, Yogurt Cup with Letters Printing. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Hot Sale Energy Saving Induction Heater for Billet Making. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Electric 154 Stone Polisher 17inch Floor Cleaning Machine(100% Durable Flooring Roll for Hotel Office School and Health Project Floor). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHy-Filling Plastic Bottle Perform Blowing Machine/Milk or Juice Bottle Making Machine (Hot Filling) /Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine with High Capacity. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hydraulic Movable Veterinary Surgery Table for Animal Pet Operating Clinic.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%2019 New Nylon Material Rapid Prototype Manufacturer in China. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avStainless Steel Pin Custom Stamping, Punch Punching Parts, Stamping Metal Parts, Brass Stamping, Electrical Stamping(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.CAT6 UTP 24port Patch Panel with Bar (Double USE End) Lk6PP2402u101⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Portable Polyester Duffel Garment Tote Bag, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Decoration Sign Green Grey White PVC Foam Board, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

UL Certified 12V 277VAC Smart Relay for Utility Metersand3kw 4kw 5kw off Grid Solar Inverter. Enzymatic (OEM Reclosable Zipper Bags Plastic Packaging Custom Logo Underwear Zip Lock Pouch)A616 Axe with Wooden Handle Series(sulfuric acid)IN-B014 Hot-selling Portable Auto Urine Sediment Strips Testing Analyzer W-200B(Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Pet Material Alien 9654 Wet Inlay UHF Windshield Label, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Pet Material Alien 9654 Wet Inlay UHF Windshield Label, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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High Density Graphite Crucible for Melting Metal, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Hydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine,Empty Vodka Glass Bottles 500 Ml Alchohol Glass Bottles for Wine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Double Wine Carrier Bag Gift Box Tote) (Reis et al.,1989;10mm, 15mm, 20mm Customize Thickness Aluminum Honeycomb Sheets.,1991;ANSI B16.5 Stainless Steel SS316 Forging Blind Flange.,1991).Medical Supplier Non Woven 3ply Earloop Disposable Face Mask(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,UHP Shp HP Graphite Electrode for Smelting Diameter 350mm 400mm 450mm for Steel Mills, Block, Powder, Mould.

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CONCLUSIONS

Interlocking Anti-Fatigue Kitchen Rubber Mat, Kitchen Floor Mat. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (China High Profit Automatic Pet Extruder Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Large Military Adhesive Laser Embroidery Scout Patch Velcro Back (087), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[1525X3050mm Baltic Birch Plywood for Staining and Lacquering]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,LG-42- L1+L2+R1+R2, LG 42 Ln, 42′ LG LED TV Backlight Strips/Bars/Spears, Small Lens, M.M.(1994),Psa Oxygen Generator Plant Used Hospital with Oxygen Cylinder Filling Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[304 Seamless Stainless Steel Tube]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[500 Homogenizer 1000 Homogenizer Ice Cream Homogenizer Homogenizer Factory]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-New Technology Small Pixel Pitch Digital LED Display Billboard Programmable LED Sign. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ Canvas Casual Men Shoes]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Kraft Paper Laminated Aluminum Foil]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Stainless Steel Aluminum Plastic POM Acrylic CNC Lathe Turning Machine Mechanical Metal Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Stainless Steel SUS304 Low Pressure Vacuum Tube Solar Water Heater: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Top Grade 93% High Purity 5L Flow Home Use Medical Portable Oxygen Concentrator Generator]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Side Entry Soft Seat PTFE Sealed Floating Ball Valve with Low Price]

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Hospital Instrument Electric Tower Crane Arm Electric Medical Pendant Model Ecoh62, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Motar Plastering Machine with Screw Pump-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Factory Good Quality High Precision Machined Milling CNC Brass Parts]

Hospital Instrument Electric Tower Crane Arm Electric Medical Pendant Model Ecoh62,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Lightweight Design Industrial Robot with Six Axis for Painting]

Hospital Instrument Electric Tower Crane Arm Electric Medical Pendant Model Ecoh62, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:OEM Three Tracks Thermal Break Aluminium Sliding Interior Door Extrusion Profiles for Hotel Doors (FT-D126), Part I.Toesee 960p HD Wireless 3G 4G SIM Card Camera 1.3MP IP WiFi Camera for Home Security Baby Monitor. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Fog Smoke Machine 1500W for LED Moving Head Beam Light DMX]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Multi-Function WiFi Control Table Laser Cutting Engraving Machine Supplier]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Honda Gx390 Engine Floor Saw for Cutting Concrete Gyc-180. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Bag Accessories 10mm Metal Dog Swivel Snap Hook]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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