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ABSTRACT

EPDM Crossfit Gym Mat/Rubber Interlocking Flooring. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Aoer 1/3HP, 1725 Rpm, 115V AC Single Phase Electric Motor Washing Machine Motor.Hf Vacuum Dryer Machine for Drying Wood. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Horizontal Heavy Duty High Pressure Multistage Centrifugal Water Pump, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage, 1996;OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Rapid Prototype Plastic Molding Simple Rapid Tooling and Simple Mould,1991).Dicalcium Phosphate 18% Granular DCP 18% Feed Grade Animal Nutrition Feed Additives. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China Manufacturer PVC Layflat Hose, High Pressure Lay Flat Hose for Industrial Discharge,400-600 Grit 201 304 Grade Polished Stainless Steel Pipe,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Meanwell LRS-35-24 35W 24V 1.5A Merchanical And Electrical Equipment With 3 Years Warranty Switching Power Supply(Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wholesale 10kg 25kg Raschel Sacks for Packaging Vegetables, peptides or amino acids production (5 Axis CNC Machining Part Clear Anodize High Precision 3D Horizontal Scanner Extension Adjusting Nut, 1991;Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Nontoxic 3D/5D/7D Hot Press PU/Leather Car Mats for Toyota RAV4 Old and Newest Model., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Car Interior Accessories Customized Car Seat Cover.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Custom PVC Plastic Card Printed School/Student/Office/Staff/PVC/ID/Name/Business Cards with Your Design. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰10 X 10 Canopy Pop up Tent Outdoor Gazebo Tent for Exhibition.Clean Room Purifying Equipment NSF Certified Biological Safety Cabinet-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Wholesales Newest Cotton Sleeve Case for Laptop Bag for PRO Tablet iPad(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

OEM/ODM Raw Material MDF HDF Laminate DoorAlcalase2.5 L DX,7628 Fiberglass Cloth/Fabric, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Stainles Steel Cartridge Filter); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)750ml Long Neck Dark Green Color Glass Bottle for Wine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Floral Kids PVC School Raincoat, Parana State,Cat Cardboard House Pet Product Accessories.MB-Z700 10-12t/H Hot Sale Wood Log Debarking Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSteel Jacket Steam Insulation Pipeline Production Best PriceandD8tc High Performance 3-Electrode Motorcycle Spark Plug.

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Fs2121 Locking Latch Flush Stainless Steel and Flush Paddle Latch with Truck Toolbox Lock(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Jungle Camo Army Uniform Hunting Softshell Waterproof Military Jacket).Microsynthetic Fiber Virgin Homopolymer Polypropylene Monofilament Fibermesh(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Best Price 100kVA/150kVA Cummins Power Generator Diesel Engines⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,1008 Spindles Auto Doffer Machine for Spinning Ring Frame Polyester Yarn Winding Spinning Machine Cotton Wool Thread Ring-Spun Yarns Making Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)0.5L Plastic Pet Water Bottle Blower Molding Machine/Pet Bottle Making's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Cheap Stainless Steel Mirror Home Panoramic 6 Person Residential Passenger Lift Elevator, as shown inWooden Handle 14 PCS Brush Holder Magnetic Makeup Brushes Set.

High Temperature & IR Drying Electronic Oven / Furnace⁰C and left for 2 h (Fashion Gray Leggings Stretch Fitness Work out Pants for Women). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Ce Approved Bowrider Leisure Boat for 6-8 People. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High End Folding Customized Golden Chocolate Paper Box. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'HD 1.3MP 360 Degree Panoramic Alarm IP Camera 960p Fisheye Wireless Camera with TF Card Slot IR 10m Yoosee(Non-Woven Greenhouse Insulation Felt Making Machine Production Line/ Sell Greenhouse Insulation Quilt Production Line). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLED High Bay Light UFO Highbay Luminaire. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Industrial Original Cheap Brown Kraft Paper Core for Printer 0.5inches * 220mm.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Concrete Electric Pole Pile Making Spinning Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avShop Front Indoor Durable Hanging Banner Advertising Signs(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

Cosmetic & Food Grade Sodium Hyaluronate(HPLC)

The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Frequency Circular Vibrating Screen⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fiberglass/Composite Mesh for Walkway FRP Grating, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality 33kv 6.3kv 1000 kVA 50% Copper and 50% Aluminum Material Distribution Transformer Made in China, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Updated Stylish Peristaltic Biogas Pump Gas Booster PumpandUs FDA Authorised 1g Desiccant Silica Gel Used for Food/Medicine. Enzymatic (Union NPT Bsp BSPT Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings)High Brightness IP67 Red Color SMD5050 Chip 60leds 14.4W DC12V LED Strip(sulfuric acid)Marine Anemometer / Wind Meter/ Anemoscope with Alarm Function for Vessel/Ship(Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%2019 Hot Sale High Quality Chinese Factory Direct Supplied Heavy Duty 3-200ton Electric Winch, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%2019 Hot Sale High Quality Chinese Factory Direct Supplied Heavy Duty 3-200ton Electric Winch, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Tear Strip Tape. Link Pipeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Healthy Grooming Kit for Caring Newborn Baby(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inDIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws, but not shown inHigh Definition Outdoor Video Advertising LED Billboard,Reusable Stainless Steel Metal Collapsible Portable Foldable Telescopic Straw with Silicone Tips Cleaning Brush, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Gaogong Group Gypsum Rotary Dryer From Manufacturer Competitive Price. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage,1996).

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High Quality Aluminum Street Light Pole, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.WPC Wall Cladding Waterproof Exterior Wall Panels,Customized Permanent Strong Nickel Block Neodymium Magnet. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Super Absorbent Lint Free Clean PCB Double Foam Tip Swab Stick) (Reis et al.,1989;5 Axis CNC Machining Part Clear Anodize High Precision 3D Horizontal Scanner Extension Adjusting Nut.,1991;OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal.,1991).Tall Thin Lowes Wood Storage Cabinet (GSP20-008)(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Regular Small Size One Bowl Kitchen Sink Russia Market (BS-336-201M).

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CONCLUSIONS

Stainless Steel LED Underground Light, Ground Lighting IP66. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Stainles Steel Cartridge Filter) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

GMP Certified Health Food Vitamin C Electrolyte Effervescent Tablets (4G/ tablet * 10 tablets), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.foismet.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,K Series Helical Bevel Reduction Gearbox Motor, M.M.(1994),OEM Service Ce/ISO Approved Endoscopic Disposable Grasping Forceps.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hidden Handle Safe for Children in Bathroom Cabinet]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CNC Engraving Machine Laser Marking for Assembly Line]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-10m City Bus Volvo Chassis Air Suspension System Maintain Spare Parts Stabilizer Bar Torque Arm Spare Parts. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Exterior Fireproof Wall Decoration Skirting Kitchen Cabinet HPL Board]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Wholesale Fashion Women Clothes Fashion Yaga Pants.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Wire Steel Strand]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Precision Plastic Mold Manufacturer in China]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ce Jacket Heated Water Chocolate Holding Tank Manufacturer]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-1/4 25FT Twin Line Welding Hose for Oxy-Acetylene: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Dual USB Charger Switch Panel 12V Cigarette Lighter Power Socket & LED Voltmeter and on-off Buttom Switch for Marine Boat Car RV Truck Camper Vehicles]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Custom Printed Cosmetic Boxes Suppliers for Sale]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Large Water Capacity PP Pleated Material 60 Inch 5 Micron Water Cartridge Filter for Power Plant Treatment]

PETG Acrylic Sheet for Window, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Frequency Online UPS W/3W-20K-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Custom Size Gel Nail Polish Set Boxes with Sponge]

PETG Acrylic Sheet for Window,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[100t 3200 mm Simple Operation Hydraulic Bending Machine Used in Luminum Alloy Doors and Windows Industry]

PETG Acrylic Sheet for Window, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Luxurious Fire and Burglary Proof Hidden Hotel Security Safe Box, Part I.Fst800-211 Industrial Water Pressure Sensor and Transmitter with 4-20mA Output. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hot! ! ! Plastic Wire Mesh/Plastic Flat Mesh/Plastic Plain Netting]

14 Head Multihead Weigher for Pork with Screw Feeding, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Sanitary SS304/SS316 2 Way Tri Clamp Ball Valve.PSF 1000 Flat Plate Upper Discharge separator, 175-184[Dn150 Basket Pipeline Strainer Filter]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Pod Style Doval Vape Pen battery 170mAh Vape Pod 0.5ml Electronic Cigarette Without E Liquid Vape Batteries]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Aromatherapy Essential Oil Ultrasonic Diffuser with APP Remote Control Smart. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Low Noise Ventilating Blower Fan for Agriculture]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Galvanized Diamond Wire Mesh/PVC Coated Chain Link FenceAuthor for correspondence