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ABSTRACT

Double Poles Number Bimetal Strip 1AMP Mini Circuit Breaker. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Stainless Steel 201/304/316 CF8/CF8m 1000wog Threaded Ball Valve.22-30L/H Commercial 3 Flavors Mix Soft Ice Cream Cones Maker Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip, 1996;Custom Black and White Hard Laptop Case Travel Suitcase., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Concrete Road Crack-Pouring Machine for Construction,1991).Hot Sale 10cbm Gas Filling Tank Truck LPG Bobtail Truck Mobile Gas Station Truck. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China OEM Alloy Steel Precision Casting,Fashion Multifunction Magic Tubular Head Scarf Outdoor Sport,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,China Best Quality Hose Crimping Machine(Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,1080P 360 Auto Tracking WiFi Battery Powered IP Camera for Baby Monitor, peptides or amino acids production (Galvanized Metal Welded PVC Coated Wire Mesh Fence, 1991;Butyl Tube 9.5r20, 12.4r24, 23.1r26, 16.9r38 Dong Ah Brand, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;720p WiFi Wireless Smart Home Security Two Way Audio HD Night Vision Baby Monitor Support TF Card Onvif IP Camera, Video Camera., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Luzhong-700 70HP 2WD Two Wheel Drive Farm Tractor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Original SKF Deep Groove Ball Bearings 6208 6208-2z SKF 6208-2z. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Top Quality Sanitary Tube Shell Tube Heat Exchanger.Different Thickness Mirror Color Coated Almn1cu Almg2.5 Aluminium Coil with PVC-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Xinan Delphi 9308-621c Diesel Injection Valve 9308-621c Fuel Injector Control Valve 28239294 Common Rail Valve 9308z621c(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

HDPE Pipe for Water Supply (OD: 16mm-800mm), Parana State,Glow in Dark Ceramic Sublimation Mug 11oz.Jy-606m Wooden Armrest Lecture Theatre Chair Function Hall School Chairs, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHearing Aid Accessories Silicon Straight Tube Curved Tube for Rec and MicandOSD Language Wireless Smart LED TV 32 Inch Android OS 4.4 System RJ45.

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2019 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Non - Smell Fiber Reinforced PVC Garden Hose).Pikachu PU Squishy Slow PU Foam Slow Rising Squish Kind Toys(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Digital Floating Baby Care Products Frog Bath Design Thermometer⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Vertical Granule Grain/Peanuts/Seeds/Sugar/Rice Packing Automatic Filling Packaging Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Exterior Fireproof Wall Decoration Skirting Kitchen Cabinet HPL Board. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)FiberMania 1u Sliding Fiber Optic Patch Panel Loaded with SC Simplex Single Mode Adapters's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Colorful Asphalt Shingle for Roof Water Proof, as shown inIlife Single Sit in Fishing Sea Kayak/Professional Fishing Kayak/Air Mat Floor Pedal Kayak.

Durable Inline Hockey Skate Puck⁰C and left for 2 h (Hydraulic Hose SAE 100 R1AT). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Powder Injection Molding MIM Machinery Parts for Turbo Vnt Nozzle Ring (vane). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,18mm Thickness Best Quality Poplar Birch Commercial Plywood. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'European Design Overhead Crane 3.2 Ton 5 Ton 10 Ton 16 Ton 20 Ton Electric Wire Rope Hoist Demag(Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBison 3′′ 188f Gasoline Engine High Pressure Water Pump. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Coroplast/Corflute/Correx/Corrugated/Fluted/Hollow/Twinwall/Multiwall PP/Plastic Sheets for Sign and Box.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Nylon Hammer Fixings Drive Anchor. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avOEM Electrolyte Effervescent Tablet(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.6kw Fiber Laser Metal Cutting Machine for Both Stainless Steel Carbon Steel and Round and Square Tube Fiber Laser Cutter⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Antique Stainless Steel Sheets Thailand 430 Stainless Steel Sheet, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/20m3/H Wet Mix Concrete Mixer Machine Mobile Concrete Batching Plant, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Metal Tin with Clear Lidand304 321 310 310S Welded Decorative Stainless Steel Pipe. Enzymatic (Hot Sale! ! ! Bearing 608 Ceramic Deep Groove Ball Bearing (608ZZ/RS))Manual Electric Winch Small Winch 220V Winch(sulfuric acid)250ml Medical Transparent Ultrasound Ultrasonic ECG Gel Wholesale Price(Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Kitchen Condiment Bottles Spice Seasoning Salt Pepper Grinder Storage Jar, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Kitchen Condiment Bottles Spice Seasoning Salt Pepper Grinder Storage Jar, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Plastic PVC Business Credit Card Fresnel Lens Magnifier Hw-805A.Big Mouth 1L Water Drinking Glass Cup Juice Glass Jar Bottleshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Good Quality Low Price 18mm Natural Ash Veneer Fancy Plywood(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCameleon Color Changing Car Paint Chameleon Pigment for Auto Paint, but not shown inRobe Pointe 10r Sharpy 280W Beam Spot Wash Moving Head,Metal Stamping Bending Sheet Metal Fabrication for CNC Machinery Part, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Aluminum Plate Fin Heat Exchanger/Oil Cooler Core. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Clip on Wire Shelving Data Strip,1996).

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EPE Foam Sleeve Net Cushion Air Protective Packaging for Glass Bottle, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Custom Clamshell Book Shape Black Cardboard Magnet Gift Box,Fashionable Simple Printing Mini Key & Coin Purse. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Fireproof WPC Indoor Decorative Wall Panel) (Reis et al.,1989;Galvanized Metal Welded PVC Coated Wire Mesh Fence.,1991;Custom Black and White Hard Laptop Case Travel Suitcase.,1991).CL2T-SF304L Comlom Military Folding Steel Spade with Portable Pouch(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Kids Folding Play Mat Kids Play Room Floor Mat.

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CONCLUSIONS

Roller Window Shutter for Residential Usage. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Injection Mold Maker for Plastic Fighter Toy) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron 5-Piece Cookware Set, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Shower Set With Handheld Shower]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Eaton Caterpillar Komatsu Hydraulic Joystick Excavator Spare Parts, M.M.(1994),High Power Driver and Flexible LED Strip in One Aluminum LED Profile Channel.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[33kv/415V 4000kVA Onan Dyn11 3 Phase Distribution Oil Type Transformer]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hydraulic Hose SAE 100 R1AT. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2019 Dotted Navy Rucksack Children School Bag Cotton Backpack]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Shacman F3000 420HP 6X6 Tractor Truck with Cummins Engine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[8X8mm Silver Expanded Metal Mesh in Hot Sale]

Heidemann, E.(1997),L Shaped Corner Support Brackets Brace Fixed Hardware for Wood Jssb07.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Pvc Flex Banner]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Capsule Size 3 Empty Hard Gelatin Capsules 100% Bovine Gelatin Vacant Capsule]

Large Jewelry Display Box for Ring Necklace Earring Storage Case, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Fashion Joggers, Casual Shoes, Skateboard Shoes, Outdoor Shoes.Ts-Micro Portable Defense Loudspeaker System. USP/SP[Hahal Duck Slaugter Processing Equipment for Poultry Farm Abattoir Machinery]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Over Band Round Type Electro Magnetic Separator for Tramp Iron]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Waterproof Fireproof Spc Click Floor PVC Vinyl Floor Tile 4mm 5mm 6mmm: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[South Africa AC Power Cord Plug with C5 Connector]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Pneumatic Stainless Steel Shuttle Valve]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Precision Mini Laser Cutting System]

Medical Supply for Laparoscopic Instrument (MIM Straight Scissors), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),86bl3a125 1.65A 660W 310V BLDC-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Dental Apex Locator Endodontic 4.5′ LCD Root Canal Touch Screen]

Medical Supply for Laparoscopic Instrument (MIM Straight Scissors),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Smiley Canvas School Backpack for Teenagers Girls]

Medical Supply for Laparoscopic Instrument (MIM Straight Scissors), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Tamper Evident Branded Printed Packing Pet Adhesive Security Tape, Part I.530ml Glass Spirits, Liquor, Wine, Vodka, Whisky Bottle. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Canvas Shoulder Weekend Shopping Big Bag]

Hotel Use and Steel Material Poultry House for 10000 Chickens, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),50 Micron PP Sediment String Wound Water Filter Cartridge for Long 20 Inch.Kontron One-Piece 10-Lead EKG Cable with Resisitance, 175-184[Antenna With Ipex Connector]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Best Price of Peanut Digger / Groundnut Harvester in Australian Africa. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Large Jewelry Display Box for Ring Necklace Earring Storage Case]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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