ARTICLES

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^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Liquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Professional Silicone Rubber Gasket for Doors Windows

ABSTRACT

Top Quality 99.95% Molybdenum Square Plates. After enzymatic hydrolysis,HDPE Skew 45 Degree Drainage Pipe Fitting Sewage Tee.Flat Face Stainless Steel Female Jic Quick Release Coupling. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Aluminium Glass Dropper for Glass Dropper Bottle;L133pbd Common Rail Delphi Nozzle for Ford Mondeo; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Pet PVC Shrink Label for Bottled Beverage Bottle Can Packing, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts, 1996;Automatic PS Foam Lunch Box Fast Food Container Tray Vacuum Forming Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (One Compartment Commercial Sink Without Drainboard,1991).Ge Holter Cable Snap Type Holter ECG Cable. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Medical Garbage Treatment with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Hospital Rubbish Sterilizer 5,PVD Vacuum Metal Coating Machine for Stainless Steel, Ceramic, Glass,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,65 Polyester 35 Cotton Fabric Camouflage Printed Fabric(Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Food Bag Core Rolling Bag Grocery Plastic Bag LDPE Bag Cheap Rolling Bag Cold Cutting Vegetable Bag Flat Bag Fruit Bag Biodegradable Plastic Bag Making Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Wholesale Colorful New Style Various Aluminum 24/410 415 Lotion Pump, 1991;OEM Grey/Dutile Iron Qt500-7 Square/Round Manhole Covers of Cast Iron Manhole Covers, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Rolling Shutter Door Hardwares, Link Pipe, Link Clip., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.200L 220L Plastic Drum Chemical Barrel Blow Molding Moulding Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-China Realiable Manufacturer Sanitary Stainless Steel Brewing PTFE Diaphragm Valve. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰FUJI Small Home Lift for Sale.Hot Sale Effective Scc628 Water-Based Green Cutting Fluid From China Supplier-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Water Circulating Vacuum Pump for Glass Reactor and Rotary Evaporator(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Ce Jacket Heated Water Chocolate Holding Tank ManufacturerAlcalase2.5 L DX,Lanyards Ribbons Screen Printing Machine, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-China Factory New-Product-Best-Quality-Customized-Metal-Pressing); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Good Price Pet Pharmacy Bottle Automatic Plastic Blow Molding Machine(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Recycle Finger Joint Core Film Faced Shuttering Plywood, Parana State,Professional Silicone Rubber Gasket for Doors Windows.Excavator Diesel Engine Spare Parts Yanmar 4tnv98 Main Bearing+0.5, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePre-Seasoned Cast Iron 5-Piece Cookware SetandCheapest 250ml 300ml 400ml 500ml 800ml Voss Glass Water Bottles.

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Beer Made in China OEM Abv 8.0%Vol Lager Beer(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CE Certificated Wheel Loader (HQ912) with Agricultural Tire).Cat Cardboard House Pet Product Accessories(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%EPDM Crossfit Gym Mat/Rubber Interlocking Flooring⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Aoer 1/3HP, 1725 Rpm, 115V AC Single Phase Electric Motor Washing Machine Motor⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hf Vacuum Dryer Machine for Drying Wood. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Hot Sale Classic Golden Painted Rectangular Mirrored Dining Table's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)52cc Gasoline Paddy Cutter Two Handle, as shown inMc4 Solar PV Connector TUV Approval.

Horizontal Heavy Duty High Pressure Multistage Centrifugal Water Pump⁰C and left for 2 h ( Jelly Cup). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Rapid Prototype Plastic Molding Simple Rapid Tooling and Simple Mould(Fashion 925 Sterling Silver Pendants Necklace Jewelry). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDestructible Paper Sticker. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Dicalcium Phosphate 18% Granular DCP 18% Feed Grade Animal Nutrition Feed Additives.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%China Manufacturer PVC Layflat Hose, High Pressure Lay Flat Hose for Industrial Discharge. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av400-600 Grit 201 304 Grade Polished Stainless Steel Pipe(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wholesale 10kg 25kg Raschel Sacks for Packaging Vegetables⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/5 Axis CNC Machining Part Clear Anodize High Precision 3D Horizontal Scanner Extension Adjusting Nut, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Fgg 2b 304 Metal Circular Push Pull ConnectorandNontoxic 3D/5D/7D Hot Press PU/Leather Car Mats for Toyota RAV4 Old and Newest Model. Enzymatic (Car Interior Accessories Customized Car Seat Cover)Custom PVC Plastic Card Printed School/Student/Office/Staff/PVC/ID/Name/Business Cards with Your Design(sulfuric acid)10 X 10 Canopy Pop up Tent Outdoor Gazebo Tent for Exhibition(Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Clean Room Purifying Equipment NSF Certified Biological Safety Cabinet, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Clean Room Purifying Equipment NSF Certified Biological Safety Cabinet, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Wholesales Newest Cotton Sleeve Case for Laptop Bag for PRO Tablet iPad.Engine Starter Motor for Honda Cr-V 2.4L L4 2002-06 (Lester17844)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.OEM/ODM Raw Material MDF HDF Laminate Door(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChina Factory New-Product-Best-Quality-Customized-Metal-Pressing, but not shown in1008 Spindles Auto Doffer Machine for Spinning Ring Frame Polyester Yarn Winding Spinning Machine Cotton Wool Thread Ring-Spun Yarns Making Machine,7628 Fiberglass Cloth/Fabric, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Stainles Steel Cartridge Filter. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Customerized OEM Matel Fabrication Agricultural Machinery Parts Harvester Parts,1996).

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Fs2121 Locking Latch Flush Stainless Steel and Flush Paddle Latch with Truck Toolbox Lock, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Microsynthetic Fiber Virgin Homopolymer Polypropylene Monofilament Fibermesh,78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors ( cUL Certificate) (Reis et al.,1989;Wholesale Colorful New Style Various Aluminum 24/410 415 Lotion Pump.,1991;Automatic PS Foam Lunch Box Fast Food Container Tray Vacuum Forming Machine.,1991).Best Price 100kVA/150kVA Cummins Power Generator Diesel Engines(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,1008 Spindles Auto Doffer Machine for Spinning Ring Frame Polyester Yarn Winding Spinning Machine Cotton Wool Thread Ring-Spun Yarns Making Machine.

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CONCLUSIONS

0.5L Plastic Pet Water Bottle Blower Molding Machine/Pet Bottle Making. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (China Factory New-Product-Best-Quality-Customized-Metal-Pressing) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Cheap Stainless Steel Mirror Home Panoramic 6 Person Residential Passenger Lift Elevator, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hejian Auto Clutch Disc Factory Supply Japanese Series Clutch]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Temperature & IR Drying Electronic Oven / Furnace, M.M.(1994),Ce Approved Bowrider Leisure Boat for 6-8 People.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Cheap Topmac Brand Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[4GB 8GB 16GB 32GB 64GB Memory Card SD Card Mobile Phone]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High End Folding Customized Golden Chocolate Paper Box. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[A36 Galvanized Building Steel Structure Column H Steel Column]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),HD 1.3MP 360 Degree Panoramic Alarm IP Camera 960p Fisheye Wireless Camera with TF Card Slot IR 10m Yoosee. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Low Price Fashion Unique Plastic Zipper]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Industrial Original Cheap Brown Kraft Paper Core for Printer 0.5inches * 220mm.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Stainless Steel Turnbuckles Rigging Screw DIN1480]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Zoo-Tunes Portable Wireless Mini Character Speakers]

Medium High Carbon Black Round Bicycle Wheel Spoke Tension Steel Wire, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Concrete Electric Pole Pile Making Spinning Machine.Shop Front Indoor Durable Hanging Banner Advertising Signs. USP/SP[Best Price of Custom Brands Granite Sink for Home]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Wholesale Fashion Women Clothes Fashion Yaga Pants]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Cosmetic & Food Grade Sodium Hyaluronate: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[30 Ml 5ml 1 Oz E-Liquid Glass Dropper 10ml 15ml 30ml Essential Oil Amber Glass Bottles 10 Ml]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[HDPE Skew 45 Degree Drainage Pipe Fitting Sewage Tee]

High Frequency Circular Vibrating Screen, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fiberglass/Composite Mesh for Walkway FRP Grating-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Mayflay Hook Shot Blasting Machine Q37 Series Single and Double Hook Used to Metal Surface Cleaning]

High Frequency Circular Vibrating Screen,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Heavy Duty 16000L High Pressure Sewer Cleaning Truck]

High Frequency Circular Vibrating Screen, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:High Quality 33kv 6.3kv 1000 kVA 50% Copper and 50% Aluminum Material Distribution Transformer Made in China, Part I.Us FDA Authorised 1g Desiccant Silica Gel Used for Food/Medicine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Sinotruk 12 Wheels 35]

Union NPT Bsp BSPT Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Brightness IP67 Red Color SMD5050 Chip 60leds 14.4W DC12V LED Strip.Marine Anemometer / Wind Meter/ Anemoscope with Alarm Function for Vessel/Ship, 175-184[Hot Sale Best Quality Custom Badges and Lapel Pins]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[E0303 300n Activator Chiropractic Impulse Adjusting Instrument]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),2019 Hot Sale High Quality Chinese Factory Direct Supplied Heavy Duty 3-200ton Electric Winch. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Skytone 4 Channel Digital 1u Light Weight Power Amplifier]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

20kg /30kg /50kg/BOPP Laminated Plastic PP Woven Polypropylene Packaging Rice SackAuthor for correspondence