ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Mineral Water Bottle Mould Plastic Blowing Mold. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality Acrylic/PVC/Kt Foam Board, Outdoor Advertising Sign Boards.6000PCS/H Automatically Paper Recycling Egg Tray Moulding Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Building Material Quick Install Types of Scaffolding Couplers, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury, 1996;Hearing Aid Accessories Silicon Straight Tube Curved Tube for Rec and Mic., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Strong N35 Neodymium Magnets Rare Earth Round Disc Fridge Craft,1991).Wholesale Dry Fit Plain Sport Suit Top and Pants Man′s Club T Shirt Team Shirt. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth,OEM High Quality Stainless Steel Ladies Anolog Wrist Watch Jewelry Diamond Watch 71092,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Mini Succulent Planters, Cactus Pots with Wooden Cement Pot(Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Cheap Topmac Brand Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant, 1991;Color Stretch Film for Pallet Wrap Use, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wholesale Virgin Mink Brazilian Bundle Hair Vendor, Remy Virgin Brazilian Hair Bundle, Virgin Raw Brazilian Cuticle Aligned Hair., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Hemp Recycle Polyester Blenched Jersey Knit Fabric.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Auto Parts Iridium Spark Plug Izfr6K-11 9807b-5617W for Honda CRV. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Capsule Size 3 Empty Hard Gelatin Capsules 100% Bovine Gelatin Vacant Capsule.3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:HDPE/PP Krah Spiral Winding Sewage Pipe Extruding Production Line(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Unicorn Aurora Rainbow Chrome Mirror Chameleon Pigment for UV Gel Polish, Parana State,Cleaning Products Sponge Vacuumized Pack 65mm.Distributor Living Room Furniture Restaurant Chair Tiffany Chair for Wedding, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theOEM Grey/Dutile Iron Qt500-7 Square/Round Manhole Covers of Cast Iron Manhole CoversandANSI B16.5 Stainless Steel SS316 Forging Blind Flange.

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High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Cleaning Products Sponge Vacuumized Pack 65mm).Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%86 Inch All-in-One Android System Interactive Touch LCD Kiosk for Education/Meeting⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Cummins Fuel Injector Kit (3076736 3095023)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hnx IP68 Waterproof Nylon Plastic Cable Gland Pg13.5. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Matrix Keyboard 3X3 Matrix Membrane Switch PCB Membrane Keypad Switch's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Plastic Therm Forming Filling Sealing Machine, Lid Press Machine, as shown inPikachu PU Squishy Slow PU Foam Slow Rising Squish Kind Toys.

Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale⁰C and left for 2 h (3D Inkjet Printing Waterproof Interior Kitchen Wall Tile). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.New Design Customized 100% Cotton Home Towel Bath Towel. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Toughened Railing Glass. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Delrin Sheets with Good Wear Resistance(Large Capacity Food Processing Cooling Tower Conveyor Equipment). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inBdu Battle Fatigues. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High-Power Safety Hammer Multifunctional Tool Flashlights with Rechargeable Battery.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSpiral Rib Dies, Tungsten Carbide Spiral Screw Wire Drawing Dies(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.400W Emergency Backup Battery Powerstation Portable Solar Generator⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Automatic Electric Hydraulic Metal Bending Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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HDPE Large Diameter Hollowness Wall Winding Pipe Production Line.Hardcover Bear′s Story Children Book Custom Printingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Non-Woven Medical Outside Earloop Mask Making Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMineral Water Bottle Mould Plastic Blowing Mold, but not shown in12V 96LED Outdoor Lighting Solar Torch Light for Christmas,Professional Family Nonstick Cast Iron Frying Pan, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Wholesale Waterproof Outdoor Army Military Camouflage Printing Ripstop Polyester Fabric. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

TV Stand Carving European LED Lights Heating Fireplace (320SS). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Brake Fluid Tank Container Hot Plate Plastic Welding Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 150W, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Efficiency PE/PVC/ PPR Pipe Extrusion Production Line]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Low Price Fashion Unique Plastic Zipper, M.M.(1994),Silica Gel- Indicating Blue to Pink After Adsorption.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[2 Stroke Gasoline Grass Trimmer and Cutter 43cc (TT-BC415)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[High Frequency Online UPS W/3W-20K]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Offer High Quality Square and Round Cast Iron Manhole Cover. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Water and Oil Repellent Singeing Cement Plant Use Nomex Dust Collector Filter Bag]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),White Tight Long Sleeves off Shoulders Celebration Bandage Dress. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Stainless Steel Sanitary Thread Pneumatic Butterfly Valve]

Heidemann, E.(1997),OEM Precision Electronic Industry Machined/Machining CNC Brass Connectors.Leder 48,(5),99-104[End Face Inspection Equipment Manufacturers Cheap Price]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ 750mm Cuttable Capacitive Diesel Fuel Level Sensor]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[100% Polyester Luxury Bedding Comforter Fleece Blanket Throw]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Mirror 3003 H12 Aluminium Chequered Sheet for Baking Sheet in Hungary: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Different Wood Options Rigid Spc Core Vinyl Flooring]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[SMT Assembly Equipment Juki Pick and Place Machine for LED Production Line]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Good Quality OEM Stainless Steel Casting Rings]

High Quality Gas Spring Strut Gas Shock for Wall Bed, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Industrial Bedsheet Folding Machine (ZD-3000)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Indoor Tub Customized Shower/Free Standing Shower Enclosure]

High Quality Gas Spring Strut Gas Shock for Wall Bed,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Poultry Livestock Transport Double Floor Vehicle/Double Box Van Double Floor Animal Cattle Transport Semi Trailer]

High Quality Gas Spring Strut Gas Shock for Wall Bed, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Galvanized Iron / Stainless Steel Crimped Square Woven Wire Mesh, Part I.OEM ODM Aluminum Casting Parts. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Roof Waterproofing Materials Fiberglass Reinforced Asphalt Shingles]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China Manufacturer Multi Span Polycarbonate Industrial Green House]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Boat Windlass Truck Auto Manual Lifting Hoist Tractortraction Hand Winch. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Customized Malleable Casting Iron Threaded Pipe Fitting Flange Cast Iron Flange]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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