ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

High Speed Automatic Slitting Machine for Plastic Film. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Natural White Limestone Polished Marble Granite Mosaic Stone Floor Bathroom Wall Tiles.Blince Omsy/Oms Series Hydraulic Orbital Motor Replace Danfoss Oms Motor. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Aluminum Sheet Metal Parts Custom Fabrication;Nichrome Pure Nickel Resistance Wire Strip Ni80cr20 Nicr8020 Strip; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Blue Color Tie-on Surgical Face Mask Soft Touch, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine, 1996;Ilife Single Sit in Fishing Sea Kayak/Professional Fishing Kayak/Air Mat Floor Pedal Kayak., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Private Customized High Quality Printed Shipping Labels,1991).DIN935 Hexagon Slotted Nut with White Zinc Plated Cr3+ M10. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,2019 Latest Design Hot Selling Microfiber Bedding Set Bed Linen,New Product 90GSM Sublimation Paper for Economic Printing,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,1.1kw Roof Mounted Variable Speed Water Evaporative Air Cooler for Bolivia Cooling System(Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Color Coated Prepainted PPGI PPGL Steel Sheet, peptides or amino acids production (Pig Equipment for Pig Breeding Farms Rotary Farrowing Crate, 1991;Clear Customized PVC Cosmetic Package Bag, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Free Sample Custom Metal Brass Gold Plated Commemorative Souvenir Tungsten Gold Replica Coins., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Factory Professional Design Wing Shape Engraved Car Label Emblem.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-38X72X37mm Dac38720037 Wheel Hub  Bearing  for Motor Vehicle. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰China Supplier Dual Voltage Steam Curling Tongs (A129).High Quality Light Steel Keel Ceiling Fitting Furring Channel Clip Roll Forming Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:ASME Butt Weld Seamless Carbon Steel Fittings(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

3-110W Loudspeaker Compression Driver, Neodymium Magnet Tweeter, Gt-7506na, Parana State,Fog Light LED Light Bar Wire Harness with LED Light on off Waterproof Toggle Switch Wire Assembly.PE Pipe in SDR 11 Pressing Rate for Fire-Control, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePP Base Packaging Film Pet/PE Laminating Food Packaging FilmandKids Sneakers School Shoes for Girls with Design Wholesale High-Quality Custom Dropshipping Running Shoes.

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Electric Automotive Heater Control Valve(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Big Power 12 LED Moving Head Light with 40W RGBW 4in1 LED).Shoelace-Free Climbing Shoes with Wire Button(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Kraft Paper Laminated Aluminum Foil⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%China Factory 400kg Drum Lifter, Drum Rotator, Drum Carrier Lm800⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Atlas Copco Compressor Spare Parts Service Kit 2901074800 2904015600 2906009600. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Stainless Steel Watch's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Stainless Steel Aluminum Plastic POM Acrylic CNC Lathe Turning Machine Mechanical Metal Parts, as shown in Computer Screen etc.

150kw Plastic Bottle Recycling Equipment, Plastic Pet Canister Recycling Machine⁰C and left for 2 h (Fst800-211 Industrial Water Pressure Sensor and Transmitter with 4-20mA Output). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.High Speed Dispersion Machine for Paint High Speed Disperser Disperser Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,CAS: 73-22-3 Betain Hydrochloric Feed Grade for Feed Animal. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Women Luxury Handbags Leather Shoulder Bag(Three F Female Connector Adapter). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLed String Light. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,P10 3X4m RGB LED Video Curtain for DJ Stage Backdrop.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Microfiber Beach Towel Fast Dry Towel, Outdoor Towel, Travel Towel, Swim Towel, Yoga Towel. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avLong Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Big Smart Plant Hydroponic Planter with Indoor Garden Light⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Weight 1.5 to 2.0mm Thickness in 100 to 200cm Width Felt Fabric, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality Anti-Corrosion Fiberglass Sheet and Roll, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Business Men Soft Genuine Leather Wallet Credit Card RFID NFC Blocking Card Holder Protective Case Fold Style Safe Protector HolderandDurable Steel Retainer Plastic Road Safety Trench Cover. Enzymatic (Industrial Low Temperature Water Cooled Scroll Water Chiller)Fashionable and Hot Selling Women Plastic Sunglasses (WSP8030134)(sulfuric acid)EV Charger for 120KW DC Fast Electric Car Charging Station(Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Custom Velvet Jewelry Box Gift Box with Bowknots for Packing, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Custom Velvet Jewelry Box Gift Box with Bowknots for Packing, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Common Style Plastic Wide Tooth Hotel Comb PE Brush Washing Brush.Recycle Finger Joint Core Film Faced Shuttering Plywoodshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Manufacturing Plant Supply High Quality Aws E6013 Welding Electrode(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHydraulic Press Corrugated Cold Roll Automatically Forming Machine, but not shown inFiberMania 1u Sliding Fiber Optic Patch Panel Loaded with SC Simplex Single Mode Adapters,Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).4-20mA Current Sensor with Current Meter. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Coreless High Speed HDPE LDPE Biodegradable HDPE LDPE Biodegradable Star Sealing Rubbish Bag Making Machine,1996).

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CNC Maching Parts for Autos, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.High Pressure Pump for Waterjet Machine,High Quality LED Wall Mirror with Ce, UL, cUL Certificate. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (China OEM Alloy Steel Precision Casting) (Reis et al.,1989;Pig Equipment for Pig Breeding Farms Rotary Farrowing Crate.,1991;Ilife Single Sit in Fishing Sea Kayak/Professional Fishing Kayak/Air Mat Floor Pedal Kayak.,1991).Hot Sale Clothes Retail Shop Interior Design Garment Store Furniture Display Clothing Rack(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag.

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CONCLUSIONS

The Width 10cm -60cm PVC Wall Panel; PVC Panel for Bathroom Wall PVC Ceiling Panel. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Diamond Cutting Blades for Asphalt, Granite, Marble) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Die-Casting Aluminium Radiator (RN808-500), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[O2 Gas Filling Psa Gas System for Aquaculture Fish Farming with O2 Gas]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Fr4 Double Sided PCB Fr4 PCB with Blue Solder Mask Custom Printed Circuit Board OEM with UL, M.M.(1994),Wholecut Oxford Plain Toe Black Antique Men Shoes.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Manual Electric Winch Small Winch 220V Winch]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Clear Customized PVC Cosmetic Package Bag]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-New Technology Carbon Cleaning Tools Auto Accessories. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Wholesale Colorful New Style Various Aluminum 24/410 415 Lotion Pump]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Environmental Test Salt Spray Tester Price. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Cosmetic Grade Matte Chromium Green Oxide for Cosmetics]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Custom 2 Ring Binder PP Lever Arch Clip File Folder.Leder 48,(5),99-104[4′*8′ E0 Glue Hollow Core Laminate Flakeboard for Door Making]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Speed Mixer for Plastic Extrusion Line]

Plug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Quantum Science Lava Stone Pendant Necklaces Scalar Energy Pendant.TUV Approved Y Splitter 2 Way Solar Mc4 Y Branch Connector. USP/SP[Cosmetic & Food Grade Sodium Hyaluronate]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Photo Beam]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-CNC Laser Customized Telescopic Steel Cover: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[15kgs/Spool Aws A5.18 CO2 Gas-Shielded MIG Welding Wire Er70s-6]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Folding Mini Electric Bike E-Bike Ebike 10 Inch Tire]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Handheld Andriod POS with Thermal Printer]

High Precision Mini Laser Cutting System, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Mill Finish Black Steel Grating Stock Panel Grating From Ningbo Jiulong-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Seaflo 12V 0.7gpm/70psi Mini Electric Garden Pump]

High Precision Mini Laser Cutting System,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts]

High Precision Mini Laser Cutting System, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:1350ml Round Shape Borosilcate Lunch Box Office Used (GB13G17195), Part I.One to One Order Following Strong Real Gold Thread. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Electric DC 24V Geared Motor for Auto Doors]

New Design Paper Pyramid Memo Cube with Ribbon for Promotion, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Plastic Medallion, Plastic Ceiling Rose.PP PE PVC Single Wall Corrugated Pipe Making Machine Line, 175-184[50X50mm Diamond Wire Mesh/Chain Link Fence]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Lace Control Hiphugger Braless Latex Body Shaper L81187. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Quality Wafer Type EPDM/NBR Seat Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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