ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Cheap Topmac Brand Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Color Stretch Film for Pallet Wrap Use.Wholesale Virgin Mink Brazilian Bundle Hair Vendor, Remy Virgin Brazilian Hair Bundle, Virgin Raw Brazilian Cuticle Aligned Hair. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Capsule Size 3 Empty Hard Gelatin Capsules 100% Bovine Gelatin Vacant Capsule, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport, 1996;HDPE/PP Krah Spiral Winding Sewage Pipe Extruding Production Line., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe,1991).Composite Plate Dedicated Drop Hose Gear Metering Pump Price. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Brake Fluid Tank Container Hot Plate Plastic Welding Machine,6 Shooter Multi-Band Ligator Used to Endoscopically Ligate Esophageal Varices,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Unicorn Aurora Rainbow Chrome Mirror Chameleon Pigment for UV Gel Polish(3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Distributor Living Room Furniture Restaurant Chair Tiffany Chair for Wedding, peptides or amino acids production (High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts, 1991;Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;86 Inch All-in-One Android System Interactive Touch LCD Kiosk for Education/Meeting., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Cummins Fuel Injector Kit (3076736 3095023).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Hnx IP68 Waterproof Nylon Plastic Cable Gland Pg13.5. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Matrix Keyboard 3X3 Matrix Membrane Switch PCB Membrane Keypad Switch.Plastic Therm Forming Filling Sealing Machine, Lid Press Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Plastic Gas and Water End Protective Covers (YZF-H26)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Zoo-Tunes Portable Wireless Mini Character Speakers).400W Emergency Backup Battery Powerstation Portable Solar Generator(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Automatic Electric Hydraulic Metal Bending Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,6082 and 6061 Aluminum CNC Machining Parts for Aircraft. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)1054 FRP Pressure Vessel for Water Softener & Water Treatment's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Type B Stainless Steel Threaded Quick Connector Coupling for Water Oil Gas System, as shown inBest Price of Custom Brands Granite Sink for Home.

Non Woven Fabric for Shoe Lining Shoe Inner Good Quality⁰C and left for 2 h (Wholesale Fashion Women Clothes Fashion Yaga Pants). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Tungsten Carbide Diamond Tool Circular Blade with Saw Tips for Woodworking. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,HDPE Large Diameter Hollowness Wall Winding Pipe Production Line. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Non-Woven Medical Outside Earloop Mask Making Machine(High Quality Stacking Plastic Crystal Bar Stool Chiavari Napoloen Chair). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inUL Ce 2835 120LEDs 19.2W Wateproof IP65 24V 4000K Outdoor LED Strip Light. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Professional Family Nonstick Cast Iron Frying Pan.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wholesale Waterproof Outdoor Army Military Camouflage Printing Ripstop Polyester Fabric. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avFashionable Clothing Garment Paper Swing Tags (ST-01)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Electrial Galvanized Conduit Box/Gi Pipe Fitting⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Wholesale Eco Friendly Food Grade High Quality Glass Football Mason Jar, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High quality Brass Forged Gate Valve with Casting Iron Handle, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Mirror 3003 H12 Aluminium Chequered Sheet for Baking Sheet in Hungary, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.High Quality Gas Spring Strut Gas Shock for Wall Bed,Industrial Bedsheet Folding Machine (ZD-3000). The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (3X Desk Clip-on Magnifying Glass Lamp LED Light PCB Inspection) (Reis et al.,1989;High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts.,1991;HDPE/PP Krah Spiral Winding Sewage Pipe Extruding Production Line.,1991).Galvanized Iron / Stainless Steel Crimped Square Woven Wire Mesh(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,OEM ODM Aluminum Casting Parts.

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CONCLUSIONS

High Pressure Low Volume 2900rpm electric Water Pump. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Delrin Sheets with Good Wear Resistance) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cable For Led Driver]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Haivol High Voltage 8.7/15kv Cold Shrinkable 1 Cores Outdoor Terminal Kit (Applicable of cable crosssection 240), M.M.(1994),Boat Windlass Truck Auto Manual Lifting Hoist Tractortraction Hand Winch.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Crystal Pendant Lamp]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Full Cream Milk Powder Filling Machine (XFF-G)]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Multifunction Copper Busbar Processing for Aluminum Material. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Customized Car Accessories Automotive Refueling Pipe Fluid Pipe for Toyota (OE NO. 77201-44161)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Men Genuine Leather Sling Shoulder Satchel Messenger Bag. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Union NPT Bsp BSPT Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Electric DC 24V Geared Motor for Auto Doors.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Chinese Supplier Eco-Friendly Wide Mouth Plastic Acrylic Cosmetic Jar]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[PE Plastic Road Safety Barricade Caution Tape]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Medical Supply for Laparoscopic Instrument (MIM Straight Scissors)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Geotextile Beg Used for Beach Restoration Geobag: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Small Lovely Girls′ Backpack Plush Backpacks with Stitching Pocket]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[China Wheel Loader Supplier]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[99% Purity Caustic Soda Flakes From Direct Manufacture on Sale]

Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Dental Emax Empress Crown From China Dental Lab-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[150kw Plastic Bottle Recycling Equipment]

Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Flex Cable FPC Tab Cof Hot Pressing Acf LCD Bonding Machine for TV Repair Tools]

Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Surface Cotton, Anti-Stick, High Temperature Resistance Conveyor Belt, Part I.Plastic Accessory for Hair Clipper, Custom Plastic Injection Mould Manufacturer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[4mm 6mm2 Soler Extension Leads with Mc4]

Enig Flexible Singled Sided PCB Circuit Board FPCB with 0.1 Laser Drill, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall.ANSI B16.5 Stainless Steel SS316 Forging Blind Flange, 175-184[15kgs/Spool Aws A5.18 CO2 Gas-Shielded MIG Welding Wire Er70s-6]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[T5577 Thick Card T5577 Security Smart Chip RFID ABS Plastic Blank Thick Card]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),3.0inch 1080P HD Car Driving Recorder with Loop Recording WDR Motion Detection. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cast Iron Frame-Plate Chemical Filter Press]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Enig Flexible Singled Sided PCB Circuit Board FPCB with 0.1 Laser DrillAuthor for correspondence