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ABSTRACT

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Key words;Color Coated Prepainted PPGI PPGL Steel Sheet;Pig Equipment for Pig Breeding Farms Rotary Farrowing Crate; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Clear Customized PVC Cosmetic Package Bag, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Free Sample Custom Metal Brass Gold Plated Commemorative Souvenir Tungsten Gold Replica Coins, 1996;Factory Professional Design Wing Shape Engraved Car Label Emblem., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (38X72X37mm Dac38720037 Wheel Hub  Bearing  for Motor Vehicle,1991).China Supplier Dual Voltage Steam Curling Tongs (A129). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Quality Light Steel Keel Ceiling Fitting Furring Channel Clip Roll Forming Machine,ASME Butt Weld Seamless Carbon Steel Fittings,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle(Free Sample Custom Metal Brass Gold Plated Commemorative Souvenir Tungsten Gold Replica Coins, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Two Wheel Foldable Electric Kick Scooter, peptides or amino acids production (Diamond Cutting Blades for Asphalt, Granite, Marble, 1991;Best Selling Road Reflective Rectangle Guardrail Delineator Reflector, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;3-110W Loudspeaker Compression Driver, Neodymium Magnet Tweeter, Gt-7506na., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.PE Pipe in SDR 11 Pressing Rate for Fire-Control.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Electric Automotive Heater Control Valve. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Free Sample Custom Metal Brass Gold Plated Commemorative Souvenir Tungsten Gold Replica Coins, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Shoelace-Free Climbing Shoes with Wire Button.Kraft Paper Laminated Aluminum Foil-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:China Factory 400kg Drum Lifter, Drum Rotator, Drum Carrier Lm800(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Women Luxury Handbags Leather Shoulder Bag(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (300W-2kw Solar Panel and Wind Turbine Hybrid System).P10 3X4m RGB LED Video Curtain for DJ Stage Backdrop(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Microfiber Beach Towel Fast Dry Towel, Outdoor Towel, Travel Towel, Swim Towel, Yoga Towel⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Neoprene Protective Elbow Protector Brace Elbow Support (NS0012). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Big Smart Plant Hydroponic Planter with Indoor Garden Light's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Weight 1.5 to 2.0mm Thickness in 100 to 200cm Width Felt Fabric, as shown in1054 FRP Pressure Vessel for Water Softener & Water Treatment.

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Custom Velvet Jewelry Box Gift Box with Bowknots for Packing. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCommon Style Plastic Wide Tooth Hotel Comb PE Brush Washing Brush(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/4-20mA Current Sensor with Current Meter, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Tc Made Boy′s Short Pants, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

High Precision Mini Laser Cutting System. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Stainless Steel Aluminum Plastic POM Acrylic CNC Lathe Turning Machine Mechanical Metal Parts) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Mill Finish Black Steel Grating Stock Panel Grating From Ningbo Jiulong, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Led Light Lip Gloss Container]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,1350ml Round Shape Borosilcate Lunch Box Office Used (GB13G17195), M.M.(1994),One to One Order Following Strong Real Gold Thread.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[ Link Pipe]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[DIN7505 Cross Recessed Countersunk Flat Head Chipboard Screws]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-New Design Paper Pyramid Memo Cube with Ribbon for Promotion. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Definition Outdoor Video Advertising LED Billboard]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Plastic Medallion, Plastic Ceiling Rose. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[3 Full HD 1080P Mini Car DVR Dashcam Camera]

Heidemann, E.(1997),PP PE PVC Single Wall Corrugated Pipe Making Machine Line.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Threaded Rock Drilling Tools for Drilling]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Rolamento Agulha Needle Roller Bearing HK1512 HK2020 HK2030 Bearing]

Ilife Single Sit in Fishing Sea Kayak/Professional Fishing Kayak/Air Mat Floor Pedal Kayak, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Lace Control Hiphugger Braless Latex Body Shaper L81187.Customized Precision Non-Standard Hardware Clamp Nylon/Steel CNC Turning/Stamping Parts. USP/SP[Dtp18650-2s2p 14.8V 2200mAh 2600mAh Customizable Li-ion 18650 Battery Pack]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Funny Kids Soft Play Maze Big Slide Indoor Soft Playground]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Galvanized Diamond Wire Mesh/PVC Coated Chain Link Fence: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[2019 High Quality Memory Mini Portable Wireless Bluetooth Speaker]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Cmc For Stone-Like Coating Supplier & Factory]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Super Absorbent Lint Free Clean PCB Double Foam Tip Swab Stick]

Good Price Servo Motor Running OPP Film Bag Sealing Big Cushion Packing Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Wood Design Rigid Core Flooring Spc Click Vinyl Flooring PVC Floor Tile-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[PVC Hdo Construction Formworks]

Good Price Servo Motor Running OPP Film Bag Sealing Big Cushion Packing Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Top Roof Tiles Making Machine with Reasonable Price]

Good Price Servo Motor Running OPP Film Bag Sealing Big Cushion Packing Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Centrifugal Casting Stainless Steel Furnace Tube, Part I.Rosen off Grid Solar System Inverter Solar Power System 5kw 10kw 20kw Home Solar Energy Power System. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hidden Handle Safe for Children in Bathroom Cabinet]

Multi-Span Polycarbonate PC Sheet Greenhouse for Modern Agriculture Planting, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Automatic Water Flow Control Valve.Mini Combine, Mini Harvester, Small Harvester Model 4L-1.0, 175-184[Cetrorelix Acetate Exporter]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[CNC Engraving Machine Laser Marking for Assembly Line]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Custom Size Rare Earth Permanent Speaker Ring Ferrite Magnet. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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