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ABSTRACT

150ml Round Aromatherapy Diffuser Glass Bottle. After enzymatic hydrolysis,C22 Stick Hole Bee Balm /Lemon Balm Tea Bag Packing Machine.100ml Square Glass Diffuser Bottle with Cap. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Pn10 Pn16 Class125 One Stem No-Pin Wafer Butterfly Valve, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (17r 330W Beam Spot Wash DJ Disco Stage Moving Head Light Ce RoHS, 1996;Reusable CAT6 UTP RJ45 8P8C Modular Plug., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (3inch 10W Motorcycle Emergency Lamp LED Car Forklift Warning Driving Work Lights,1991).Good Quality OEM Stainless Steel Casting Rings. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Bookcase, Cupboard, Filing Cabinet, Bookshelf, Melamine Cabinet,Customizable Logo Plastic Safety Walking Reflectors Chinese Factory,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Best Quality Brass Bathroom Door Knob Kitchen Cupboard Door Knobs Handles Cabinet Handle(17r 330W Beam Spot Wash DJ Disco Stage Moving Head Light Ce RoHS, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Flame Retardant FRP/GRP Round Pipe, peptides or amino acids production (Psa Oxygen Generator for Industry (ISO9001, CE), 1991;LED Pixel Addressable Madrix Silicon 360 Degree Flexible Neon Rope LED Strip Light Christmas Decoratios Wedding Decoration Lighting, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;P1.25 Full Color Cable Less Indoor Fixed LED Display, Fine Pitch LED Display., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Airtac Tubing Quick Connect Puick Coupling Pneumatic Fitting.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Custom small plastic printed box for keychain (PET box). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (17r 330W Beam Spot Wash DJ Disco Stage Moving Head Light Ce RoHS, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Fence Mesh Welding Machine.20 Years Factory! Double Channel Surgical Syringe Pump-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Best Quality for Stretch Film Jumbo Roll(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Plastic Anchors Lag Expansion Nails Plugs Screws 100 PCS(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Tear Strip Tape).15mm Thickness Aluminum Honeycomb Panel Forarchitectural Facades Panels Canopy Ceiling Signage Ventilated Facades(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Toyon 2500rpm High Speed High Torque 24V DC or 220V Ec Brushless Motors⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Extendable 485mm Stun Guns Baton with Electric Shock for Self Defense (X10)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Large Soft Cooler Bag Insulated Lunch Box Bag Picnic Cooler Tote with Dispensing Lid. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Lumen Outdoor IP65 100W LED Flood Light's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Yk-11 Yk11 Powder Yk 11 Sarm Powder in High Quality, as shown inHonda Gx390 Engine Floor Saw for Cutting Concrete Gyc-180.

Retail Supermarket Display Refrigerator Supermarket Beverage Showcase⁰C and left for 2 h (DIN935 Hexagon Slotted Nut with White Zinc Plated Cr3+ M10). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.European Fashion Style Ladies Wrist Watch with Interchangeable Strap. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Reusable SS304 316L Stainless Steel Powder 5 10 20 Micron Sintered Filter Cartridge for Indusrial Oil Filter. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Hooded Pocket Quilted Winter Outwear Down Jacket From Kids Clothing Manufacturer(Power 4 Leg Transmission Tower From Qingdao Wuxiao Group). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAir Convection Drying Cabinet Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Full Automatic Combination Weighing Packing Machine Jy-420A.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Production Line for Making Nonwoven Stiff Waddings and Glue-Free Waddings / Nonwoven Spray Glue Cotton Production Line/ Hot Melt Glue Sheet for Fabrics Laminate. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avTfl Blue Rubber Transmission Belts/Automotive Spare Part(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Flat Wedge Wire Panel China Factory⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Large Size Auto Feeding Paper Cutter Composite CNC Digital Oscillation Circular Vibration Cutting Machine 1610 1625, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Best Selling Hydraulic Small Truck with Crane 10 Ton, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Class 1/Class 2 Birch Plywood for Automotive and Boatbuilding Applications. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Q32 Series Tumble Belt Shot Blasting Machine) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Cookies Cake Automatic Rotary Packing Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Disc Insulation Type Suspension Porcelain Insulator]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Building Material Quick Install Types of Scaffolding Couplers, M.M.(1994),Latest New Upgraded High Security and Regular Keys Cutting Machine Sec-E9 for Automobile Industury.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fiberglass/Composite Mesh for Walkway FRP Grating]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Non - Smell Fiber Reinforced PVC Garden Hose]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hearing Aid Accessories Silicon Straight Tube Curved Tube for Rec and Mic. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Ilife Single Sit in Fishing Sea Kayak/Professional Fishing Kayak/Air Mat Floor Pedal Kayak]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Strong N35 Neodymium Magnets Rare Earth Round Disc Fridge Craft. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hydraulic Hose SAE 100 R1AT]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Big Mouth 1L Water Drinking Glass Cup Juice Glass Jar Bottle]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Mini Succulent Planters, Cactus Pots with Wooden Cement Pot: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Cameleon Color Changing Car Paint Chameleon Pigment for Auto Paint]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Baby Gym Toy with Piano Plastic Baby Cartoon Toys (H8732042)]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Robe Pointe 10r Sharpy 280W Beam Spot Wash Moving Head]

Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cheap Topmac Brand Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Orange Silica Gel 2-4 mm with High Quality]

Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Nichrome Pure Nickel Resistance Wire Strip Ni80cr20 Nicr8020 Strip]

Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Color Stretch Film for Pallet Wrap Use, Part I.Wholesale Virgin Mink Brazilian Bundle Hair Vendor, Remy Virgin Brazilian Hair Bundle, Virgin Raw Brazilian Cuticle Aligned Hair. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Hans Custom Manufactured Smoothness Zipper Waterproof]

Hemp Recycle Polyester Blenched Jersey Knit Fabric, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Auto Parts Iridium Spark Plug Izfr6K-11 9807b-5617W for Honda CRV.Capsule Size 3 Empty Hard Gelatin Capsules 100% Bovine Gelatin Vacant Capsule, 175-184[Cmc Thickener E466]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Dongfeng 4X2 10000L Water Spinkling Tank Transport Truck]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Galvanized Steel Track for Sectional Garage Door]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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