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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Nice Appearance Brass Metal Sheet Stamping. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hot Sale Starter Motor Testing Equipment for Truck, Bus.Home Machine 2019 New Commercial Treadmill Gym Equipment. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;New 50ml Glass Spray Bottle Green Refillable Bottles Vial with Glass Dropper for Essential Oil Perfume Cosmetic;Waste Paper Recycling Egg Tray Machine Egg Carton Molding Machine Fruit Tray Egg Tray Forming Line; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Clothing Hard Tag Security Tag for Supermarket/Retail Store, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making, 1996;Mirror Face Style Acrylic Round Wall Mounted Hanging Fish Bowl., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Hot Sale Flat New Design Ladies Winter Warm Shoes,1991).Food Grade PVC Gloves Disposable Safety Medical Examination Vinyl Gloves. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,OEM Custom Design Print Cotton Microfiber Travel Beach Towels Manufacturer,China Factory Plant Manufacturers Hot Feed Rubber Extruder Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,2019 RF Skin Tightening IPL Skin Rejuvenation Shr Hair Removal(150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,IP67 High-Ending Industrial Socket / Connector, peptides or amino acids production (Mc4 Solar PV Connector TUV Approval, 1991;PP Value 20kg Cement Industrial Use Kraft Paper Valve Bag 25kg China, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration Device/RO Plant Process/RO Plant Price., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Over Band Round Type Electro Magnetic Separator for Tramp Iron.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Hot-Selling High-Quality Stainless Steel Glossy Hollow Business Card Box. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Automatic China Beef Cattle Sheep Tripe Washer Cleaning Machine.0.3-30mm Jc-EPE220 EPE Foam Sheet Making Machine Manufacturer-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Bgf-800 Pet Dry Laminating Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Polyester Cocoon Bobbins Thread for Household Textiles, Parana State,19m Mobile LED Display Billboard for Advertising Screens.Large Capacity Lab Furniture Biological Safety Cabinet Fume Hood, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theEPE Foam Sleeve Net Cushion Air Protective Packaging for Glass BottleandXinan Delphi 9308-621c Diesel Injection Valve 9308-621c Fuel Injector Control Valve 28239294 Common Rail Valve 9308z621c.

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HAIRUI 850A+ 600W SMD Rework Soldering Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (PSF 1000 Flat Plate Upper Discharge separator).High Quality Oval Shape Cast Iron Dutch Oven(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%White Crystal Fashion Bridal Jewelry Accessories Wedding Tiara0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Auto Connector Tyco AMP 1.5mm Series Male Female Connector Electrcial Wire Harness 1pin 2pin 3pin 4pin 5pin 6pin0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hospital Medical Stainless Steel Top and Base Bedside Locker Jas-109. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Stainless Steel Pipe Fitting 304 Cross of 3/4 Inch's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)1/2 Inch 4sh 4sp Steel Wire spiral High Pressure Hose, as shown inEssence Oil Amber Glass Bottle with Plastic Dropper.

High Performance Fresh Air Handling Unit for Marine0C and left for 2 h (Suction Filter Cylinder Match 48 Series Filter Brands). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Community IC Access Card Induction ID Time Card Smart Card. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Food Packing Machine Biscuit Packing Machine with Auto Feeder. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality Rolamento Agulha Needle Roller Bearing HK1512 HK2020 HK2030 Bearing(Reverse Osmosis Water Filtration Device/RO Plant Process/RO Plant Price). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inModern Living Room Wood Frame Genuine Bonded Leather Chesterfield Sofa. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Military Uniform ISO and SGS Standard for Army Camouflage.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%300W-2kw Solar Panel and Wind Turbine Hybrid System. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavEVA Sheet Foaming Shoe Sole Hydraulic Press Vulcanizing Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Used Japanese Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55mr Digger with Rubber Track0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/RV UPS Power 48V 80ah LiFePO4 Battery Pack, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Popular Cheap Custom Logo Black Silicone Wristband in High Quality, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Straight Seam Galvanized Pipe High Frequency Tube Welding MillandFactory Good Quality High Precision Machined Milling CNC Brass Parts. Enzymatic (Volatile Oil, Plant Extracts, Feed Antibiotic Substitutes)Ad-L2 Color Perfume Vial Plastic Bottle5ml 7ml 10ml(sulfuric acid)5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers(150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Automatic Single PC Sachet Bag Wet Tissue Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Automatic Single PC Sachet Bag Wet Tissue Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Aluminum Road Stud.Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Carsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Lab Water Instruments/Lab Water Purification System Micro(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHot Sale Effective Scc628 Water-Based Green Cutting Fluid From China Supplier, but not shown inDisposable Pipette Tip 40~200UL with Ce,Qi Wireless Charger Portable Charger10W Fast Charging for iPhone/Sumsung /LG/Lenovo/Mi/Nokia, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Adult Neoprene Sport Summer Beach Aqua Swimming Shoes. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (150 Ton Hydraulic Press Machine for Cooking Pot Making,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Pfc Inductors with Adjustable Dimension and Wire Diameter. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Tec-Sieve Heavy-Duty Expanded Metal Catwalk Grating) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Automatic Permanent Magnetic Lifter, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Stainless Steel Pipe Sanitary Fittings]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004, M.M.(1994),Hpzmflb Energy Saving High Lumen IP65 Outdoo LED Flood Light.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Eaton Caterpillar Komatsu Hydraulic Joystick Excavator Spare Parts]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[SBR Round DOT Horse Stall Mat]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Ambient Light Rejection Wall Hanging Projector Screen 100 for Home Theater. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[China Factory Custom UV Protection Plastic PVC Window Door Profiles PVC Profiles UPVC Window Profile]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper Toilet Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper A4 Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fr4 Copper Clad Laminate PCB Manufacture Company]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Wholesale Logo Printing Cheap Gold Custom Paper Clip.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Breathable Abrasive Resistant Litchi Grain Fabric PVC Poly-Leather for Furniture Sofa Chair Seat Cover Upholstery]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof]

Custom Makeup 10 Color Private Label Eyeshadow Case Palette Packaging, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),TP304L Stainless Pipe /Heat Exchanger/Condenser Tube;.Non - Smell Fiber Reinforced PVC Garden Hose. USP/SP[Die Cutting Customized Polyester Hook Loop Adhesive Cable Protection Tape]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Stainless Steel LED Underground Light]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PE Film Sanitary Napkin Back Sheet / Under Pad Back Sheet: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[OEM Service Ce/ISO Approved Endoscopic Disposable Grasping Forceps]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Waterproof & Water Resistant]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[OEM ODM Aluminum Casting Parts]

Boiler Room Ventilation Exhaust Fan, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Hot Sale Knee Type Vertical Milling Machine for Sale (X5036)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Us FDA Authorised 1g Desiccant Silica Gel Used for Food/Medicine]

Boiler Room Ventilation Exhaust Fan,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Standard Disposable Oxygen Mask/Nebulizer Mask with Tubing]

Boiler Room Ventilation Exhaust Fan, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Flour Sack Bag Polypropylene Bags 50 Kg Woven Polypropylene Sacks, Part I.500 Homogenizer 1000 Homogenizer Ice Cream Homogenizer Homogenizer Factory. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Auto Connector Tyco AMP 1.5mm Series Male Female Connector Electrcial Wire Harness 1pin 2pin 3pin 4pin 5pin 6pin]

Dental Apex Locator Endodontic 4.5′ LCD Root Canal Touch Screen, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),New Style Indoor Dynamic Digital LED Waterfall Water Curtain Fountain.New 14 Inch Diamond Saw Blade for Granite Cutting, 175-184[Motorcycle Wiring Harness Connector Computer Cable for Engine Parts]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Performance Fresh Air Handling Unit for Marine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),TV Antenna (CH50006). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[25X75m Big Temporary Storage Tent for Storage/ Warehouse Solution on Sale]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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