ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Layflat Water Delivery Hose Discharge Pipe Pump Agriculture Irrigation Tubing 1inch to 10inch. After enzymatic hydrolysis,3D Decorative Soundproof Panel Polyester Fiber Acoustic Panel for Interior Wall.High Speed PP/PE/PVC SWC Single Wall Corrugated Pipe Extrusion Production Line Manufacturing Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Soccer Field Artificial Grass Cutting Machine for Installation, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Plastic Nylon Sheet with High Temperature, 1996;PVC TPU Tr 2 Color Sole Injection Moulding Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wholesale Six Patterns for Light 6in1 Sale Laser Grating Lens and Mirrors,1991).Professional Melting (30kg-30000kg) Scrap Induction Heating Furnace for Iron/Steel/Gold/Silver/Aluminium etc. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Corrugated Paper Honeycomb Core Board for Doors,Home Depot Electric Fireplace with Deco Insert Gas Heaters Fan Modern Furniture,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Wood Handle Carbon Steel Sickle S202(Plastic Nylon Sheet with High Temperature, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Custom Golden Colored Powder Pill Organizer, peptides or amino acids production (Cooperate with Brand Companies High Intensity Safety Reflective Red Jacket, 1991;Disposable Pipette Tip 40~200UL with Ce, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Amusement Park Kids Ride on Train Electric Kids Track My Train (14 seats) for Sale., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.1.5 Oz Mini Hexagon Glass Jars with White Plastisol Lined Lids.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-86 Type WiFi Smart Touch Switch Controll by Tuya APP. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Plastic Nylon Sheet with High Temperature, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰100% Wool Felt Wide Brim Fedora Trilby Hat.Super Handy Home & Office & Hotel Facial Tissue Paper-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Pointed Compound Pliers Reduction Forceps Bone Reduction Forcep(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

3 Full HD 1080P Mini Car DVR Dashcam Camera, Parana State,Fireproof WPC Indoor Decorative Wall Panel.Food Sanitary Stainless Steel 2000L Fresh Milk Collection Tank, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Plastic Nylon Sheet with High Temperature, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theRubber Seal for Crank Box of Hks Warp Knitting MachineandPremium Baby Toddler Food Feeding Silicone Bowl with Lid.

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High Quality X Ray Lead Glasses with Good Prices(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Long Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder for Constraction Machine).Galvanized Steel Track for Sectional Garage Door(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Fashion 925 Sterling Silver Pendants Necklace Jewelry⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Power 4 Leg Transmission Tower From Qingdao Wuxiao Group⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Wholesale Blank Promotional Baseball Cap for Custom Logo Design. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Metal Structural Steel Frame Structure Construction Prefab Warehouse Workshop Factory Storage Building's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Five Axis CNC Flame/Plasma Pipe Cutting and Profiling Machine, as shown inManufacturer Custom DSLR SLR Camera Sling Backpack with Zipper.

Aluminium Alloy Door Frame Profile⁰C and left for 2 h (Piston Step Combination Seal/Seal PTFE +Polyester Guide Ring Gst). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.M16 M20 Stainless Steel Hilti Chemical Thread Bar Anchor Bolt Wedge Hex Bolt Sleeve Anchor Grade 5.6. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High Quality 98% Feed Grade Betaine Anhydrous. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Rubber Diaphragm Seals HNBR EPDM Rubber Diaphragm in High Quality(China Cheap Factory Wholesale OTR Tubeless Tyres 23.5-25). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in1929 808nm Professional Device Beauty Machine Diode IPL Shr Elight Laser Hair Removal Medical Equipment. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Unisex Light Weight Quick Dry Sun Protection Sprots Jackets with Hood.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Professional Pulse Dust Filter for Grain Processing. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avPlug-in Assembly Type Straight Through Joint and Insulation Joint(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Fog Light LED Light Bar Wire Harness with LED Light on off Waterproof Toggle Switch Wire Assembly⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Speed Automatic Slitting Machine for Plastic Film, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/China Natural White Limestone Polished Marble Granite Mosaic Stone Floor Bathroom Wall Tiles, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

China Supplier Dual Voltage Steam Curling Tongs (A129). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Door Mosquito Net Magnetic Fly Screen Doors with Strong Magnets) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Quality Light Steel Keel Ceiling Fitting Furring Channel Clip Roll Forming Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Pectin Extract From Orange and Apple Fruit]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,ASME Butt Weld Seamless Carbon Steel Fittings, M.M.(1994),Double Wall Glass Vacuum Flask Bottle Stainless Steel Cola Shaped Glass Water Bottle.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[New Small Plug-in Insect Killer Mosquito Killing Lamp]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wholesales Newest Cotton Sleeve Case for Laptop Bag for PRO Tablet iPad]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Two Wheel Foldable Electric Kick Scooter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Theme Jungle Plastic Stainless Steel Slide Outdoor Playground]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Diamond Cutting Blades for Asphalt, Granite, Marble. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Screw Barrel for PVC PPR Pipe Extrusion]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Best Selling Road Reflective Rectangle Guardrail Delineator Reflector.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Laundry Washing Detergent Pods]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality Portable Polyester Duffel Garment Tote Bag]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[PVC Shrink Sleeve Bottle Label for Can Packing]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Electric Automotive Heater Control Valve: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[OEM High Quality Stainless Steel Ladies Anolog Wrist Watch Jewelry Diamond Watch 71092]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Professional Aluminum Equipment Truss System Outdoor Concert Stage]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[4.3 Inch Touch LCD Display Module Naked Industrial Tablet PC Computer]

Shoelace-Free Climbing Shoes with Wire Button, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Kraft Paper Laminated Aluminum Foil-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[2019 Male & Female Stainless Steel Quick Coupling]

Shoelace-Free Climbing Shoes with Wire Button,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Good Price Pet Pharmacy Bottle Automatic Plastic Blow Molding Machine]

Shoelace-Free Climbing Shoes with Wire Button, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:China Factory 400kg Drum Lifter, Drum Rotator, Drum Carrier Lm800, Part I.Atlas Copco Compressor Spare Parts Service Kit 2901074800 2904015600 2906009600. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Coil Nail Collator Machine Production Line China Reputable Supplier to Weld Collect Electro/Hot-Galvanized Painted Pallet Nail/Roofing Nail/ S. S Nail]

Stainless Steel Watch, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Stainless Steel Aluminum Plastic POM Acrylic CNC Lathe Turning Machine Mechanical Metal Parts.150kw Plastic Bottle Recycling Equipment, Plastic Pet Canister Recycling Machine, 175-184[Short Fill E Liquid Bottle in UK 60ml]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Free POM Custom Knit Acrylic Beanie Caps]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Speed Dispersion Machine for Paint High Speed Disperser Disperser Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[CNC Maching Parts for Autos]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Factory Truck/Bus Spray Paint Booth /Industry Paint BoothAuthor for correspondence