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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Psa Oxygen Generator for Industry (ISO9001, CE). (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,LED Pixel Addressable Madrix Silicon 360 Degree Flexible Neon Rope LED Strip Light Christmas Decoratios Wedding Decoration Lighting


ABSTRACT

P1.25 Full Color Cable Less Indoor Fixed LED Display, Fine Pitch LED Display. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Airtac Tubing Quick Connect Puick Coupling Pneumatic Fitting.Custom small plastic printed box for keychain (PET box). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Fence Mesh Welding Machine;20 Years Factory! Double Channel Surgical Syringe Pump; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Best Quality for Stretch Film Jumbo Roll, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Drum Type Magnetic Separator, 1996;K-Pop Bts Baseball Hat Sport Anime Cap., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Q32 Series Tumble Belt Shot Blasting Machine,1991).Home Daily Tealight Glass Holder, Glass Candle Holder. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Baking Rotating Rack Diesel Gas Steam Oven Machine for Food, Cake, Buscuit, Croissant,Round Manufactory Non-Stick Silicone Stainless Dog Feeder,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Plastic Anchors Lag Expansion Nails Plugs Screws 100 PCS(Drum Type Magnetic Separator, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,15mm Thickness Aluminum Honeycomb Panel Forarchitectural Facades Panels Canopy Ceiling Signage Ventilated Facades, peptides or amino acids production (Toyon 2500rpm High Speed High Torque 24V DC or 220V Ec Brushless Motors, 1991;Extendable 485mm Stun Guns Baton with Electric Shock for Self Defense (X10), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Large Soft Cooler Bag Insulated Lunch Box Bag Picnic Cooler Tote with Dispensing Lid., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Lumen Outdoor IP65 100W LED Flood Light.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Yk-11 Yk11 Powder Yk 11 Sarm Powder in High Quality. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Drum Type Magnetic Separator, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Retail Supermarket Display Refrigerator Supermarket Beverage Showcase.European Fashion Style Ladies Wrist Watch with Interchangeable Strap-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Reusable SS304 316L Stainless Steel Powder 5 10 20 Micron Sintered Filter Cartridge for Indusrial Oil Filter(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

1220*2440*15mm Chipboard with Plain Face for Furniture Decoration From China, Parana State,LED Pixel Addressable Madrix Silicon 360 Degree Flexible Neon Rope LED Strip Light Christmas Decoratios Wedding Decoration Lighting.Flat Wedge Wire Panel China Factory, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Drum Type Magnetic Separator, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Museum/Salon/ClubandChina Customized High Quality Stainless Steel Precision Motorcycle Parts /Accessory Sample.

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Large Size Auto Feeding Paper Cutter Composite CNC Digital Oscillation Circular Vibration Cutting Machine 1610 1625(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Fashionable Clothing Garment Paper Swing Tags (ST-01)).Best Selling Hydraulic Small Truck with Crane 10 Ton(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Toyota Electric Plastic Male Wire Harness Assembly Automotive Housing Connector0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%CNC Pipe Bending Machine for Trolley Frame Wheelbarrow Wheel Barrow Making Machinery0C for 2 h. After this treatment,New Design Disposable Trocars for Laparoscopic Surgery. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Disposable Medical Combined Bacterial Viral Hme Filter's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Mini Cocoa Peanut Paste Grinding Butter Colloid Mill for Sale, as shown inTelescopic Slideway Steel Protection Accordion Cover.

Circulating Oil Electric Lubricator Circulating Coolant Pump for Oil Lubrication System0C and left for 2 h (Galvanized Steel Barbed Wire Rope 8mm). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3W 5W 7W 9W LED Bulb E27 E14 B22 LED Bulb. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,High Efficiency Pineapple Canning Plant. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Embossed Pattern PU Leather Classic Mens Wallet(Double Wine Carrier Bag Gift Box Tote). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTungsten Carbide Roll Ring for Re-Bar Mill Roll. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Cheapest 250ml 300ml 400ml 500ml 800ml Voss Glass Water Bottles.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Casting PE Film with Ash for Adult Diaper Back Sheet. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavSupra Brand Laundry Liquid Baby Formula(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Cleaning Products Sponge Vacuumized Pack 65mm0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Mineral Water Bottle Mould Plastic Blowing Mold, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality Acrylic/PVC/Kt Foam Board, Outdoor Advertising Sign Boards, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Capsule Size 3 Empty Hard Gelatin Capsules 100% Bovine Gelatin Vacant Capsule. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Production Line for Making Nonwoven Stiff Waddings and Glue-Free Waddings / Nonwoven Spray Glue Cotton Production Line/ Hot Melt Glue Sheet for Fabrics Laminate) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

3D Creative Design Metal Medal Promotion Gift of Sport, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[1.2 Wire To Board 7 Pin Connectors]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,HDPE/PP Krah Spiral Winding Sewage Pipe Extruding Production Line, M.M.(1994),Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Lightweight Design Industrial Robot with Six Axis for Painting]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Fog Smoke Machine 1500W for LED Moving Head Beam Light DMX]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Composite Plate Dedicated Drop Hose Gear Metering Pump Price. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Multi-Function WiFi Control Table Laser Cutting Engraving Machine Supplier]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Brake Fluid Tank Container Hot Plate Plastic Welding Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Bag Accessories 10mm Metal Dog Swivel Snap Hook]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Food Packing Machine Biscuit Packing Machine with Auto Feeder]

Flame Retardant FRP/GRP Round Pipe, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Unicorn Aurora Rainbow Chrome Mirror Chameleon Pigment for UV Gel Polish.Distributor Living Room Furniture Restaurant Chair Tiffany Chair for Wedding. USP/SP[Multi-Span Polycarbonate PC Sheet Greenhouse for Modern Agriculture Planting]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[100ml Plastic E Liquid Vape Cig Juice Dropper Bottle]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ Skateboard Shoes]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[School Desk With Chairs]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Brake Fluid Tank Container Hot Plate Plastic Welding Machine]

Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),86 Inch All-in-One Android System Interactive Touch LCD Kiosk for Education/Meeting-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Emergency Stop Switch 880 Lbs Lift Electric Hoist Crane Remote Control Power System]

Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[ Walkway]

Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Cummins Fuel Injector Kit (3076736 3095023), Part I.Hnx IP68 Waterproof Nylon Plastic Cable Gland Pg13.5. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Vertical Granule Grain/Peanuts/Seeds/Sugar/Rice Packing Automatic Filling Packaging Machine]

Matrix Keyboard 3X3 Matrix Membrane Switch PCB Membrane Keypad Switch, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Plastic Therm Forming Filling Sealing Machine, Lid Press Machine.Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale, 175-184[China Casting High Manganese Steel Factory OEM/ODM Product]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Aluminium Glass Dropper for Glass Dropper Bottle]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),New Design Customized 100% Cotton Home Towel Bath Towel. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Wholesale Professional Indoor&Outdoor Trampoline Park]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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