ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-52cc Gasoline Paddy Cutter Two Handle. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Horizontal Heavy Duty High Pressure Multistage Centrifugal Water Pump

ABSTRACT

Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding Cage. After enzymatic hydrolysis,OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal.Rapid Prototype Plastic Molding Simple Rapid Tooling and Simple Mould. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Dicalcium Phosphate 18% Granular DCP 18% Feed Grade Animal Nutrition Feed Additives;China Manufacturer PVC Layflat Hose, High Pressure Lay Flat Hose for Industrial Discharge; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.400-600 Grit 201 304 Grade Polished Stainless Steel Pipe, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Meanwell LRS-35-24 35W 24V 1.5A Merchanical And Electrical Equipment With 3 Years Warranty Switching Power Supply, 1996;Wholesale 10kg 25kg Raschel Sacks for Packaging Vegetables., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (5 Axis CNC Machining Part Clear Anodize High Precision 3D Horizontal Scanner Extension Adjusting Nut,1991).Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Nontoxic 3D/5D/7D Hot Press PU/Leather Car Mats for Toyota RAV4 Old and Newest Model,Car Interior Accessories Customized Car Seat Cover,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Custom PVC Plastic Card Printed School/Student/Office/Staff/PVC/ID/Name/Business Cards with Your Design(Meanwell LRS-35-24 35W 24V 1.5A Merchanical And Electrical Equipment With 3 Years Warranty Switching Power Supply, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,10 X 10 Canopy Pop up Tent Outdoor Gazebo Tent for Exhibition, peptides or amino acids production (Clean Room Purifying Equipment NSF Certified Biological Safety Cabinet, 1991;Wholesales Newest Cotton Sleeve Case for Laptop Bag for PRO Tablet iPad, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;OEM/ODM Raw Material MDF HDF Laminate Door., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.7628 Fiberglass Cloth/Fabric.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Stainles Steel Cartridge Filter. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Meanwell LRS-35-24 35W 24V 1.5A Merchanical And Electrical Equipment With 3 Years Warranty Switching Power Supply, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰750ml Long Neck Dark Green Color Glass Bottle for Wine.Floral Kids PVC School Raincoat-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:MB-Z700 10-12t/H Hot Sale Wood Log Debarking Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Fs2121 Locking Latch Flush Stainless Steel and Flush Paddle Latch with Truck Toolbox LockAlcalase2.5 L DX,Microsynthetic Fiber Virgin Homopolymer Polypropylene Monofilament Fibermesh, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Best Price 100kVA/150kVA Cummins Power Generator Diesel Engines(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

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Cheap Stainless Steel Mirror Home Panoramic 6 Person Residential Passenger Lift Elevator(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Cast Iron Frame-Plate Chemical Filter Press).High Temperature & IR Drying Electronic Oven / Furnace(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Ce Approved Bowrider Leisure Boat for 6-8 People⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High End Folding Customized Golden Chocolate Paper Box⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,HD 1.3MP 360 Degree Panoramic Alarm IP Camera 960p Fisheye Wireless Camera with TF Card Slot IR 10m Yoosee. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Industrial Original Cheap Brown Kraft Paper Core for Printer 0.5inches * 220mm's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Concrete Electric Pole Pile Making Spinning Machine, as shown inEnig Flexible Singled Sided PCB Circuit Board FPCB with 0.1 Laser Drill.

Shop Front Indoor Durable Hanging Banner Advertising Signs⁰C and left for 2 h (Water Circulating Vacuum Pump for Glass Reactor and Rotary Evaporator). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Cosmetic & Food Grade Sodium Hyaluronate. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High Frequency Circular Vibrating Screen. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Fiberglass/Composite Mesh for Walkway FRP Grating(China Supplier Laboratory Mixer for Comstic). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in120ml Marble Stone Electric Essential Oil Ultrasonic Humidifier. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,High Quality 33kv 6.3kv 1000 kVA 50% Copper and 50% Aluminum Material Distribution Transformer Made in China.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Us FDA Authorised 1g Desiccant Silica Gel Used for Food/Medicine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avUnion NPT Bsp BSPT Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Marine Anemometer / Wind Meter/ Anemoscope with Alarm Function for Vessel/Ship⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2019 Hot Sale High Quality Chinese Factory Direct Supplied Heavy Duty 3-200ton Electric Winch, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Tear Strip Tape, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Auto Valve 4-20mA Flow Control Butterfly Valve.Adult Neoprene Sport Summer Beach Aqua Swimming Shoesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Quality Aluminum Street Light Pole(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCustomized Aluminum CNC Machinery Die Casting Aluminum Housing Car Interchanger, but not shown inNPK compound fertilizer granulating machine,WPC Wall Cladding Waterproof Exterior Wall Panels, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Customized Permanent Strong Nickel Block Neodymium Magnet. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Meanwell LRS-35-24 35W 24V 1.5A Merchanical And Electrical Equipment With 3 Years Warranty Switching Power Supply,1996).

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7628 Fiberglass Cloth/FabricandAutomatic Single PC Sachet Bag Wet Tissue Machineshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Tall Thin Lowes Wood Storage Cabinet (GSP20-008).Regular Small Size One Bowl Kitchen Sink Russia Market (BS-336-201M), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inNBR EPDM Neoprene Silicone Rubber Sheet for Seal, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Stainless Steel LED Underground Light, Ground Lighting IP66(Condell et al.,1993) .

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GMP Certified Health Food Vitamin C Electrolyte Effervescent Tablets (4G/ tablet * 10 tablets), V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.K Series Helical Bevel Reduction Gearbox Motor,OEM Service Ce/ISO Approved Endoscopic Disposable Grasping Forceps. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Large Soft Cooler Bag Insulated Lunch Box Bag Picnic Cooler Tote with Dispensing Lid) (Reis et al.,1989;Clean Room Purifying Equipment NSF Certified Biological Safety Cabinet.,1991;Wholesale 10kg 25kg Raschel Sacks for Packaging Vegetables.,1991).10m City Bus Volvo Chassis Air Suspension System Maintain Spare Parts Stabilizer Bar Torque Arm Spare Parts(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Mini Outdoor Hydraulic Man Aluminum Lift.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wholesale Fashion Women Clothes Fashion Yaga Pants. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (78mm Aluminum Gold Color Plastic Jar Screw Cap) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

High Efficient Disinfection with Low Price N-Alkyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Virgin Plastic Foldable Crate Box]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Economic Full Automatic LED Pick and Place Machine for LED Strip Making, M.M.(1994),1/4 25FT Twin Line Welding Hose for Oxy-Acetylene.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Pig Equipment for Pig Breeding Farms Rotary Farrowing Crate]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Mirror Face Style Acrylic Round Wall Mounted Hanging Fish Bowl]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-PETG Acrylic Sheet for Window. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ IV Fluid Set with Precision Filter & Luer Lock]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Frequency Online UPS W/3W-20K. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Professional Sound System Vt215 Line Array Speaker]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Luxurious Fire and Burglary Proof Hidden Hotel Security Safe Box.Leder 48,(5),99-104[ERW Rectangular Steel Tube and Pipe Rectangular Tubes Constructions.]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Wholesale Logo Printing Cheap Gold Custom Paper Clip]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[PTFE Teflon Coated Fiberglass Fabric and Clothptfe Fiberglass Cloth]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Stainless Steel Sanitary SS304/SS316 2 Way Tri Clamp Ball Valve: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Outdoor P5mm Programmable Bus LED Display Sign]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Embossed Aluminum Roofling Sheet]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Eco-Friendly Round Head Screw Stud Flange Hexagon Bolt for Building]

PSF 1000 Flat Plate Upper Discharge separator, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Aromatherapy Essential Oil Ultrasonic Diffuser with APP Remote Control Smart-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality Large Military Adhesive Laser Embroidery Scout Patch Velcro Back (087)]

PSF 1000 Flat Plate Upper Discharge separator,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Food Grade PE Coated Kraft Paper for Paper Cup]

PSF 1000 Flat Plate Upper Discharge separator, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Powerful Neodymium Pot Magnet Rare Earth Pot Magnet, Part I.CNC Gun Drilling Machine. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Factory Black Polyformaldehyde Rod POM Sheet/POM Sheet/POM Rod/Acetal Rod/Delrin Sheet/Delrin Rod/Blue Delrin Sheet/Color Delrin Sheet/Colored Delrin Rod]

Dog Puppy Squeaker Plush Toy Training Chew Simulation Pet Products, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Whiteness & Excellent Dispersity Anatase Type Titanium Dioxide.Large Jewelry Display Box for Ring Necklace Earring Storage Case, 175-184[China 10tph Mobile Mini Asphalt Plant]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Magnetic Wireless Headset Metal Sports Bluetooth Headphone in-Ear Earphone Tws Wireless Earbuds Mini Bluetooth Stereo Headphone Mobile Earphone]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Indoor Tub Customized Shower/Free Standing Shower Enclosure. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Customized CNC Precision Micro Machining Parts with Screw Thread Mirror Polish]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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