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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-4-20mA Current Sensor with Current Meter. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Tc Made Boy′s Short Pants

ABSTRACT

Light Weight Ohsas 18001 Certified Metal Arch Buildings. After enzymatic hydrolysis,New 60W LED Beam Zoom Moving Head with Prism.CNC Maching Parts for Autos. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;High Pressure Pump for Waterjet Machine;High Quality LED Wall Mirror with Ce, UL, cUL Certificate; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Hot Sale Clothes Retail Shop Interior Design Garment Store Furniture Display Clothing Rack, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag, 1996;The Width 10cm -60cm PVC Wall Panel; PVC Panel for Bathroom Wall PVC Ceiling Panel., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Die-Casting Aluminium Radiator (RN808-500),1991).Fr4 Double Sided PCB Fr4 PCB with Blue Solder Mask Custom Printed Circuit Board OEM with UL. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Wholecut Oxford Plain Toe Black Antique Men Shoes,New Technology Carbon Cleaning Tools Auto Accessories,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Environmental Test Salt Spray Tester Price(Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom 2 Ring Binder PP Lever Arch Clip File Folder, peptides or amino acids production (Quantum Science Lava Stone Pendant Necklaces Scalar Energy Pendant, 1991;TUV Approved Y Splitter 2 Way Solar Mc4 Y Branch Connector, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;CNC Laser Customized Telescopic Steel Cover., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Precision Mini Laser Cutting System.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Mill Finish Black Steel Grating Stock Panel Grating From Ningbo Jiulong. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰1350ml Round Shape Borosilcate Lunch Box Office Used (GB13G17195).One to One Order Following Strong Real Gold Thread-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:New Design Paper Pyramid Memo Cube with Ribbon for Promotion(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Galvanized Diamond Wire Mesh/PVC Coated Chain Link Fence, Parana State,Tc Made Boy′s Short Pants.Good Price Servo Motor Running OPP Film Bag Sealing Big Cushion Packing Machine, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFashionable Simple Printing Mini Key & Coin PurseandTop Stainless Steel Baluster Designs Stair Baluster Railing Handrail.

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Wood Design Rigid Core Flooring Spc Click Vinyl Flooring PVC Floor Tile(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Concrete Electric Pole Pile Making Spinning Machine).Centrifugal Casting Stainless Steel Furnace Tube(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Rosen off Grid Solar System Inverter Solar Power System 5kw 10kw 20kw Home Solar Energy Power System⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Multi-Span Polycarbonate PC Sheet Greenhouse for Modern Agriculture Planting⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Stainless Steel Automatic Water Flow Control Valve. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Mini Combine, Mini Harvester, Small Harvester Model 4L-1.0's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Custom Size Rare Earth Permanent Speaker Ring Ferrite Magnet, as shown inUsed Tyre Recycling Plant for Reclaimed Rubber Production.

3phase DC to AC Variable Frequency Drive Water Solar PV Inverter⁰C and left for 2 h (Children Shoulder Backpack Bag Leisure School Bag). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Quality Printed Cigarette Tipping Paper. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,White Latex Paper Yellow/White Stearate Coated Abrasive Paper. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Manufacturer Automotive CNC Machined Parts Checking Fixture Components( 16.9r38 Dong Ah Brand). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inMoulding Decorative Fireplace Manufacturers Cheap Price. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot! ! ! Plastic Wire Mesh/Plastic Flat Mesh/Plastic Plain Netting.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Telescopic Slideway Steel Protection Accordion Cover. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avGreenshoe Cheap Plain High Ankle Men Canvas Shoes Custom Printed, Men Shoes Canvas Sneakers, Canvas Casual Men Shoes(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ridge Cap Panel Forming Machine Ridge Cap Making Machine⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Grinding Factory Corn Maize Flour Milling Mill Making Machines, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Wireless Remote Control Sex Toys Pussy Men Anal Vibrator Prostate Massager for Male, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Tungsten Carbide Diamond Tool Circular Blade with Saw Tips for WoodworkingandConstruction & Decoration ERW Square Steel Tube Manufacturer. Enzymatic (Cold Roll Steel Indoor 19inch 42u Fiber Optic Wetwork Cabinet )Household Use Food Packing 8011 Aluminum Foil(sulfuric acid)Solid PVC Forex Sheet 1.22*2.44m White Celuka PVC Foam Board(Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%25X75m Big Temporary Storage Tent for Storage/ Warehouse Solution on Sale, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%25X75m Big Temporary Storage Tent for Storage/ Warehouse Solution on Sale, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Plastic Case Navigation System Tooling Injection Mold.Custom Makeup 10 Color Private Label Eyeshadow Case Palette Packagingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Hy1003 Mixer Shower Set, Luxury Rainfalls Shower Set(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWholesalev Custom Breathable Polyester Fabric Slim Fit Gym Singlet, but not shown in2 V Lead Acid /AGM/Gem/Flooded Voltage Equalizers/Balancers for Agv 36V 48V Gel Battery Balancer,8X8mm Silver Expanded Metal Mesh in Hot Sale, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Piston Step Combination Seal/Seal PTFE +Polyester Guide Ring Gst. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Custom Printed Aluminum Foil Side Gusset Coffee Plastic Bag,1996).

gjmach-chn

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CONCLUSIONS

Spc Soundproof Waterproof Anti-Slip Anti-Static Commercial Luxury Vinyl Plank Flooring. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Lace Control Hiphugger Braless Latex Body Shaper L81187) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Ceramic Dinnerware Set Stoneware Coffee Mug 5.5inch Bowl Hand Painted Dessert Plates, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.handypowercord.com]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Glass Gold Leaf Mix Aluminium Modern Design Mosaic for Wall Decorate (GF302), M.M.(1994),Military Tactical Backpack, Molle Rucksack Bug out Bag, Medium.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[OEM Viton Mechanical Rubber Oil Seal]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[CL2T-SF304L Comlom Military Folding Steel Spade with Portable Pouch]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Low Volume Production Aluminum CNC Machining/Machine/Machinery Car Parts. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),SMD 5050 RGB Flexible LED Strip (60LED/m) with Factory Bottom Price. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Europe Style Wholesale Custom PVC Double Bathroom Cabinet Vanity Mirror Cabinet]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Auto Spare Parts Car Ignition Coil 032905106b 032905106 0221603006.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Custom Stackable Steel Fabricating Waste Containers for Sale]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Natural Clean Non- Ornamentate Decoration Material Wallpaper]

Aluminum Waterproof Folding Marquee Canopy Quick up Tent, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Wholesale Customized Packing PP Onion Potatoes Garlic Packing Bags.4.3 Inch Touch LCD Display Module Naked Industrial Tablet PC Computer. USP/SP[PP/PE Plastic Lawn Turf Gravel Grass Grid for Driveway Paver (PGG5050A-1)]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Lanyards Ribbons Screen Printing Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Food Grade PE Coated Kraft Paper for Paper Cup: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Seamless Boxer Brief for Men]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.cyberwisdom.net]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Best Quality Brass Bathroom Door Knob Kitchen Cupboard Door Knobs Handles Cabinet Handle]

Stainless Steel Single Filter Cartridge Housing for Food Grade, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Modern Wall Art Decor Interior 3D Effect Wall Panels for Home Decoration-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Apex Digital UV Printers for Aluminum Board Printing UV6090]

Stainless Steel Single Filter Cartridge Housing for Food Grade,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Auto Valve 4-20mA Flow Control Butterfly Valve]

Stainless Steel Single Filter Cartridge Housing for Food Grade, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:OEM Stainless Steel Investment Casting Bearing for Car Parts, Part I.Industrial Bridge Crane Remote Hoist Crane Wireless Remote Radio Remote Control System. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Plastic Anchors Lag Expansion Nails Plugs Screws 100 PCS]

High Speed Straight Line Copper and Steel Cable or Wire Drawing Machine with Individual Motors, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),30t/H RO Reverse Osmosis System Water Treatment Plant.Best Price of Custom Brands Granite Sink for Home, 175-184[m.cimmbeatrice.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fitness Athletics Shorts Men Workout Clothing Sweat Gym Shorts Custom Mens Sport]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),A36 Galvanized Building Steel Structure Column H Steel Column. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[5-Axis CNC Machining Billet Aluminum Engine Rotary Housing]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

NSF 5 Layers Powder Coated White Kitchen Bathroom Corner Storage Wire Shelf Unit RackAuthor for correspondence