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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Cheap Topmac Brand Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Color Stretch Film for Pallet Wrap Use


ABSTRACT

Wholesale Virgin Mink Brazilian Bundle Hair Vendor, Remy Virgin Brazilian Hair Bundle, Virgin Raw Brazilian Cuticle Aligned Hair. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Hemp Recycle Polyester Blenched Jersey Knit Fabric.Auto Parts Iridium Spark Plug Izfr6K-11 9807b-5617W for Honda CRV. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.HDPE/PP Krah Spiral Winding Sewage Pipe Extruding Production Line, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe, 1996;Composite Plate Dedicated Drop Hose Gear Metering Pump Price., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Brake Fluid Tank Container Hot Plate Plastic Welding Machine,1991).6 Shooter Multi-Band Ligator Used to Endoscopically Ligate Esophageal Varices. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Unicorn Aurora Rainbow Chrome Mirror Chameleon Pigment for UV Gel Polish,Distributor Living Room Furniture Restaurant Chair Tiffany Chair for Wedding,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Quality Custom Stainless Steel/Brass/Bronze/ Precision  Auto Spare Parts(Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Puffed Core Filling Sanck Production Machine with Ce From China, peptides or amino acids production (86 Inch All-in-One Android System Interactive Touch LCD Kiosk for Education/Meeting, 1991;Cummins Fuel Injector Kit (3076736 3095023), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hnx IP68 Waterproof Nylon Plastic Cable Gland Pg13.5., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Matrix Keyboard 3X3 Matrix Membrane Switch PCB Membrane Keypad Switch.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Plastic Therm Forming Filling Sealing Machine, Lid Press Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Electric 100W Three Wheels Toy Car for Sale.New Design Customized 100% Cotton Home Towel Bath Towel-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Toughened Railing Glass(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Plastic Gas and Water End Protective Covers (YZF-H26), Parana State,Color Stretch Film for Pallet Wrap Use.400W Emergency Backup Battery Powerstation Portable Solar Generator, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Power Driver and Flexible LED Strip in One Aluminum LED Profile ChannelandDurable Anti Slip Tennis Court Sport Rubber Flooring/Outdoor Court Material.

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Clear Plastic Roofing Sheet Roof Tile Price Plastic Shingle Roof(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Toesee 960p HD Wireless 3G 4G SIM Card Camera 1.3MP IP WiFi Camera for Home Security Baby Monitor).Automatic Electric Hydraulic Metal Bending Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%6082 and 6061 Aluminum CNC Machining Parts for Aircraft0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%1054 FRP Pressure Vessel for Water Softener & Water Treatment0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Type B Stainless Steel Threaded Quick Connector Coupling for Water Oil Gas System. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Non Woven Fabric for Shoe Lining Shoe Inner Good Quality's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Tungsten Carbide Diamond Tool Circular Blade with Saw Tips for Woodworking, as shown inStainless Steel 304/316 Hex Nuts/Carbon Steel Zinc Plated Hex Nuts/Black Kex Nuts/Square Nuts/Nyloc Hex Nuts.

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Horizontal Directional Drilling Machine SHD28. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavElectrial Galvanized Conduit Box/Gi Pipe Fitting(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High quality Brass Forged Gate Valve with Casting Iron Handle0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Aluminum Lighting Flashlights Zoomable Rechargeable LED Tactical Flashlight Torch (SYSG-180820), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Lumen 150W 200W LED High Bay Lighting High Bay LED Light Fixture, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4-20mA PT100 Temperature Transmitter (PCT202)andCog Mono Round Display LCD Module. Enzymatic (TV Stand Carving European LED Lights Heating Fireplace (320SS))High Quality Mini LED Flood Light SMD Flood Light 150W(sulfuric acid)Low Price Fashion Unique Plastic Zipper(Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Silica Gel- Indicating Blue to Pink After Adsorption, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Silica Gel- Indicating Blue to Pink After Adsorption, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Offer High Quality Square and Round Cast Iron Manhole Cover.Wholesale Dry Fit Plain Sport Suit Top and Pants Man′s Club T Shirt Team Shirtshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.White Tight Long Sleeves off Shoulders Celebration Bandage Dress(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inBison (China) BS2500u (E) 2kw 2kVA Ce Certificated AC Single Phase Factory Price Continent Name Generator, but not shown inNew Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace,OEM Precision Electronic Industry Machined/Machining CNC Brass Connectors, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).4X3200 2mm 3mm 4mm Nc Steel Metal Aluminum QC12y Shearing Machine and Power Shearing Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Pipe Cleaners Blue Chenille Craft Stems for DIY Art Craft Kids Safe,1996).

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Industrial Bedsheet Folding Machine (ZD-3000), Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Galvanized Iron / Stainless Steel Crimped Square Woven Wire Mesh,OEM ODM Aluminum Casting Parts. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Toughened Railing Glass) (Reis et al.,1989;86 Inch All-in-One Android System Interactive Touch LCD Kiosk for Education/Meeting.,1991;Composite Plate Dedicated Drop Hose Gear Metering Pump Price.,1991).High Pressure Low Volume 2900rpm electric Water Pump(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace.

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CONCLUSIONS

Haivol High Voltage 8.7/15kv Cold Shrinkable 1 Cores Outdoor Terminal Kit (Applicable of cable crosssection 240). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Professional High Precision SLS/SLS 3D Printing Action Figure Parts Rapid Prototyping Service) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Boat Windlass Truck Auto Manual Lifting Hoist Tractortraction Hand Winch, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Full Automatic Small Tomato Paste Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Multifunction Copper Busbar Processing for Aluminum Material, M.M.(1994),Men Genuine Leather Sling Shoulder Satchel Messenger Bag.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Honkon 2019 New Arrival 4D High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Skin Care Medical Beauty Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Electric DC 24V Geared Motor for Auto Doors. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[1350ml Round Shape Borosilcate Lunch Box Office Used (GB13G17195)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Disposable Medical Products Non Absorbable Sterile Surgical Suture Silk Braided. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Full Automatic Milk/ Chemistry/Shampoo Plastic Bottle Blowing Machine]

Folded Kitchen Towel Paper Wrapping Packaging Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Geotextile Beg Used for Beach Restoration Geobag.Reusable Silicone Food Storage Bag. USP/SP[K Series Helical Bevel Reduction Gearbox Motor]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Dicalcium Phosphate 18% Granular DCP 18% Feed Grade Animal Nutrition Feed Additives]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Dental Emax Empress Crown From China Dental Lab: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Pressure Die Casting Aluminum Die Casting Gear Box Housing]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[New Design Lady EVA Slide]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ 1.56m Size PVC Celuka Board Manufacturer for Cabinets]

Surface Cotton, Anti-Stick, High Temperature Resistance Conveyor Belt, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Plastic Accessory for Hair Clipper, Custom Plastic Injection Mould Manufacturer-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Custom Shape Zinc Alloy Die Casting Metal Key Ring Chain]

Surface Cotton, Anti-Stick, High Temperature Resistance Conveyor Belt,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Glass Wool Sandwich Panel Metal Roof Price/Glass Wool Board]

Surface Cotton, Anti-Stick, High Temperature Resistance Conveyor Belt, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Enig Flexible Singled Sided PCB Circuit Board FPCB with 0.1 Laser Drill, Part I.Dubai Products Rectified Tile for Wall. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ipx7 Ipx8 Immersion Tank Waterproof Rain Spray Environmental Test Machine]

ANSI B16.5 Stainless Steel SS316 Forging Blind Flange, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),3.0inch 1080P HD Car Driving Recorder with Loop Recording WDR Motion Detection.2 V Lead Acid /AGM/Gem/Flooded Voltage Equalizers/Balancers for Agv 36V 48V Gel Battery Balancer, 175-184[m.nonspillcap.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[CF8m Air Actuated Valve Dn15]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Integrated Hydraulic Steering Control Units (BZZ1F SCU). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Industrial Bridge Crane Remote Hoist Crane Wireless Remote Radio Remote Control System]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Integrated Hydraulic Steering Control Units (BZZ1F SCU)Author for correspondence

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