ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Automatic Single PC Sachet Bag Wet Tissue Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Aluminum Road Stud.Lab Water Instruments/Lab Water Purification System Micro. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Qi Wireless Charger Portable Charger10W Fast Charging for iPhone/Sumsung /LG/Lenovo/Mi/Nokia;Adult Neoprene Sport Summer Beach Aqua Swimming Shoes; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Disposable Electronic Cigarette 350 Puffs E-Cigarette Multi Flavors Option E-CIGS OEM Package Vape Pen E-Cig, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Lightweight Compact 70d Ripstop Nylon Parachute Hammock, 1996;0.15mm 0.2mm 0.3mm 0.5mm 1mm 2mm 5mm 2014 Aluminum Alloy Coil for Food Preparation., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (China Factory Top Push Slide Switch with 7pin SMD Type (MSK-1106),1991).Double Bowl Undermount for Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Fitness Athletics Shorts Men Workout Clothing Sweat Gym Shorts Custom Mens Sport,Bitumen Waterproof Membrane Minerla Surface Waterproof Material,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,M10 3D Solid Non-Woven Folded Mask Body Making Machine(Lightweight Compact 70d Ripstop Nylon Parachute Hammock, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Pfc Inductors with Adjustable Dimension and Wire Diameter, peptides or amino acids production (Automatic Permanent Magnetic Lifter, 1991;Large Diameter Aluminum Pipe 3004, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hpzmflb Energy Saving High Lumen IP65 Outdoo LED Flood Light., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Ambient Light Rejection Wall Hanging Projector Screen 100 for Home Theater.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper Toilet Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper A4 Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Lightweight Compact 70d Ripstop Nylon Parachute Hammock, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Wholesale Logo Printing Cheap Gold Custom Paper Clip.TP304L Stainless Pipe /Heat Exchanger/Condenser Tube;-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Non - Smell Fiber Reinforced PVC Garden Hose(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

PE Film Sanitary Napkin Back Sheet / Under Pad Back SheetAlcalase2.5 L DX,Boiler Room Ventilation Exhaust Fan, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Hot Sale Knee Type Vertical Milling Machine for Sale (X5036)); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Flour Sack Bag Polypropylene Bags 50 Kg Woven Polypropylene Sacks(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

500 Homogenizer 1000 Homogenizer Ice Cream Homogenizer Homogenizer Factory, Parana State,5% Humidity Range Temperature Humdity Cycling Environmental Control Chambers.Dental Apex Locator Endodontic 4.5′ LCD Root Canal Touch Screen, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Lightweight Compact 70d Ripstop Nylon Parachute Hammock, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Precision Mini Laser Cutting SystemandDental Apex Locator Endodontic 4.5′ LCD Root Canal Touch Screen.

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New Style Indoor Dynamic Digital LED Waterfall Water Curtain Fountain(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Canvas Shoulder Weekend Shopping Big Bag).New 14 Inch Diamond Saw Blade for Granite Cutting(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%TV Antenna (CH50006)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%4PCS High Quality Adjustable Wrench Set (FST-41)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Three F Female Connector Adapter. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Tongkai Classic Business Hardcover Leather Notebook's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Customization! Bdy380CD Horizontal Directional Drilling Machine, as shown inLiquid Hardener Setting Cement Membrane Curing Concrete.

500kg Capacity 14m Height Semi Electric Scissor Lift⁰C and left for 2 h (Large Jewelry Display Box for Ring Necklace Earring Storage Case). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Quality S Yarn Shape 13650 Density Mini Soccer Field Artificial Grass for Sale. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,DIN/ANSI Lug/Wafer/Flange Type Butterfly Valve Made of China Itsen. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'SAE 100 R2AT Wire Braided Pressure Flexible Hydraulic Rubber Oil Hose(Medical Garbage Treatment with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Hospital Rubbish Sterilizer 5). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPvc Plastic Pipe Clip. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Small Batch Processing Football Net.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%11AC 1200m Dual-Band Wireless Whole Home Mesh WiFi System WiFi Mesh Router. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avNew Condition Textured Peas Soy Protein Making Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/SBR Round DOT Horse Stall Mat, Rubber Stable Mat, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Customized Frame Mount Highway Pegs Enclosure Parts, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

High Grade Nitrous Oxide Gas / Laughing Gas / N2oandDouble Wine Carrier Bag Gift Box Tote. Enzymatic (IP44 Waterproof 3pin 16A Electrical Male and Female Industrial Plug and Socket)40*60cm Top Coated White Direct Thermal Bar Code Paper Sticker Labels for Rolls(sulfuric acid)RF Coaxail BNC Male to BNC Male Plug Connector Adapter(Lightweight Compact 70d Ripstop Nylon Parachute Hammock, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Gt4b63 Can Seamer Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Gt4b63 Can Seamer Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Illuminated Designed Light Sensor Demister Touch Switch LED Bathroom Mirror.White Color Premium Quality Disposable Plastic PVC Apronshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Glazed Metal Roof Tile Roll Forming Machine with Ce(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inAluminum Road Stud, but not shown inBSCI Audit Custom 100% Polyester Embroidered Trucker Cap Bottle Opener,Industrial Packing Paper Pulp Tray Making Machine Egg Tray Making Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Embossed Lattice PU Synthetic Leather for Bags/Handbags (HS703). The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Lightweight Compact 70d Ripstop Nylon Parachute Hammock,1996).

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Durable Fully Automatic Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Wire Mesh Steel Metal Baby Chicks Breeding CageandCustomizable Logo Plastic Safety Walking Reflectors Chinese Factoryshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Physical Rehabilitation Pain Relieve Cellulite Reduce Shock Wave Therapy Equipment.Standard Disposable Oxygen Mask/Nebulizer Mask with Tubing, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inYgk-017 80*45-D mm Factory Supplying Aluminium Electrical Cabinet, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Extruder Floating/Sinking Fish Feed Pellet Dryer(Condell et al.,1993) .

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CONCLUSIONS

Heavy Duty Industrial Biodegradable Plastic Garbage Bag Black/Gary. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sale Knee Type Vertical Milling Machine for Sale (X5036)) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Punching Machine for Greenhouses Quilt Raw Materials Heat Preservation Warm Keeping Quilt Making Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Black High Quality Man Hoody Fitness Hoodie Supplier Pullover Hoodies]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Cameleon Color Changing Car Paint Chameleon Pigment for Auto Paint, M.M.(1994),Cummins L10 Engine Piston Cooling Nozzle 3070218.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Stainless Steel Automatic Water Flow Control Valve]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Concrete Electric Pole Pile Making Spinning Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Access control custom printed 13.56MHz PVC Smart FUDAN FM32 blank RFID Card. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Used Tyre Recycling Plant for Reclaimed Rubber Production]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Glass Wool Sandwich Panel Metal Roof Price/Glass Wool Board. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Children Shoulder Backpack Bag Leisure School Bag]

Heidemann, E.(1997),SMT E2 Type Air Coils Inductors Inductance Range 5.0∽ 60.0nh E2r230-10.3nj for Ssb Radio Equipment Use.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Dry Cabinets For Electronics Suppliers for Sale]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ 16.9r38 Dong Ah Brand]

Volatile Oil, Plant Extracts, Feed Antibiotic Substitutes, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),99% Al2O3 High Alumina Ceramic Ball.Factory Price Long Life Portable Peltier Air Cooler. USP/SP[Tungsten Carbide Diamond Tool Circular Blade with Saw Tips for Woodworking]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Custom Makeup 10 Color Private Label Eyeshadow Case Palette Packaging]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-8W/12W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Museum/Salon/Club: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wholesalev Custom Breathable Polyester Fabric Slim Fit Gym Singlet]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Australia]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[2 V Lead Acid /AGM/Gem/Flooded Voltage Equalizers/Balancers for Agv 36V 48V Gel Battery Balancer]

Hand Tools 9PCS Hex Key Set CRV Allen Wrench, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),UV-Proof Wr 4-Layers Non-Woven Bonded Fabric for Car Cover-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[API 594 Super Duplex Steel Single Disc Dual Disc Plate Wafer Check Valve]

Hand Tools 9PCS Hex Key Set CRV Allen Wrench,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[4mm New Oak Laminate Kitchen Sheet Vinyl Plank Luxury PVC Flooring Lowes]

Hand Tools 9PCS Hex Key Set CRV Allen Wrench, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Nail Art Drawing UV Spider Metal Gel Acrylic Lace String Painting Gel Supply, Part I.Handheld Andriod POS with Thermal Printer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Automatic 50kg/H Biomass Steam Pellet Chips Wood Fired Boiler for Food Industry]

Stainless Steel French Earring Hook for Jewelry, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Professional Metal Stamping Parts with Anodizing.Agriculture Indoor Vegetables and Fruits Planting Greenhouse, 175-184[Basalt Stone Tile Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Delrin Sheets with Good Wear Resistance]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Night Vision Wide HD Waterproof Car Side View Camera for Bus. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[New Arrival Wafer Type Pneumatic Fluorine Lined Butterfly Valve]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

3W 5W 7W 9W LED Bulb E27 E14 B22 LED BulbAuthor for correspondence